PT Journal AU Afanas'eva, MS TI Radiolarian skeleton: morphology of spines, internal framework, and primary sphere SO Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal PY 2007 BP 3 EP 14 VL 1 ER PT Journal AU Babazadeh, SA TI Cretaceous radiolarians from Birjand ophiolitic range in Sahlabad province, eastern Iran SO Revue de Paleobiologie PY 2007 BP 89 EP 98 VL 26 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU Bak, K TI Deep-water facies succession around the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary in the Outer Carpathian basin: Sedimentary, biotic and chemical records in the Silesian Nappe, Poland SO Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Facies succession, organic carbon stable isotopes and chemical data, together with benthic foraminiferal records from the Bamasiowka-Trzemesnia composite section (Silesian Nappe, Poland) reflect changing oceanographic conditions across the Cenomanian-Turonian transition in one of the largest basins of the Outer Carpathians, whose floor was situated beneath the calcium compensation depth. The sediments consist of non-calcareous radiolarian shales, turbidite intercalations rich in foraminifers and sponge spicules as well as siliciclastics, and black shales with marine type of organic matter (TOC up to 6.5 wt. %), corresponding to global Oceanic Anoxic Event 2. The base of OAE-2 has been identified on the basis of organic carbon isotope data, as a positive excursion from -26.0 parts per thousand to the peak of -23.2 parts per thousand in the latest Cenomanian. The top of the OAE-2 lies within a succession of oxidized siliceous-manganiferous sediments including a Fe-Mn layer with macronodules. The organic-rich sedimentation continued for about 400 kyr at a rate of ca. 5.5 nuu/kyr, and finished before the start of the Turonian. Deep-water agglutinated foraminiferal diversification and extinction of several taxa occurred during the early part of the OAE-2, due to expanding bottom water anoxia. Chemical indices and benthic foraminiferal assemblages reveal periodic intervals of intensification and expansion of oxygen minimum zone at the basin floor before and after the OAE-2.Two early diagenetic ferromanganese layers with macronodules and siliceous-manganiferous red and green shales directly overlying the organic-rich facies, reflect changes in oxygenation of the bottom water, related to changes in their dynamics, which took place near the C-T boundary and in the earliest Turonian. This condensed Fe-Mn succession records the maximum flooding of the late Cenomanian-early Turonian transgression. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ER PT Journal AU Bak, K TI Organic-rich and manganese sedimentation during the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event in the Outer Carpathian basins; a new record from the Skole Nappe, Poland SO Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Upper Cenomanian-Lower Turonian strata in the Splawa section of the Skole Nappe, Outer Carpathians, Poland, provide a detailed palaeoenvironmental record of the oceanic anoxic event (OAE-2) from a deep-water basin below the CCD at the northern margin of the Western Tethys. The OAE-2 succession consists of black, parallel-laminated radiolarian shales, enriched in organic matter of mainly marine origin (TOC up to 8%). Organic carbon isotope variations, together with microfossil datum events allowed to correlate the studied organic-rich facies with other black shale successions along the Outer Carpathians and other areas of the Western Tethys. The mean values of sedimentation rate (3.5-5.5 mm/kyr) and organic matter accumulation rate (0.5 g/m(2)/year), calculated for the OAE-2 interval in the Outer Carpathian basins, are comparable to the values from other deep-water marginal basins in the Western Tethys.The average redox-sensitive trace metal contents and their enrichment factors, indicate water column anoxia in the Outer Carpathian basins, intensified during the interval of the largest shift in delta C-13 values. The periods of bottom anoxia were interrupted by intervals of variable Eh conditions with sedimentation of hemipelagic green shales, including poor agglutinated foraminiferal assemblages. An increase in productivity of organic and siliceous plankton during the OAE-2 is documented, based on increased values of silica and barium enrichments. This closely corresponds to an interval of the largest positive stable carbon isotope excursion, related to the beginning of the largest sea level rise, linked with intensive coastal upwelling.Extremely low sedimentation rate or even hiatuses and the increase in deep-water circulation causing basin oxygenation resulted in precipitation of two ferromanganese layers. Their formation was related to changes in hydrodynamic conditions at the basin floor, expressed by precipitation of Fe-Mn carbonates. Some chemical indices seem to suggest that, the primary metal enrichments could be related to hydrothermal activity. However, the concentrations of some elements show also on hydrogenic to diagenetic influences in these metalliferous sediments. The precipitation of these Fe-Mn, sediments was probably synchronous with the manganese enrichment across the C-T transition recorded in other Western Tethyan basins and in the adjacent epicontinental seas. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ER PT Journal AU Bak, K TI Environmental changes around the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary in a marginal part of the outer Carpathian basin expressed by microfacies, microfossils and chemical records in the Skole Nappe (Poland) SO Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae PY 2007 BP 39 EP 67 VL 77 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU Balkis, N Toklu Alicli, B TI First record of Challengeron diodon (Protozoa: Radiolaria: Phaeodaria) from the Aegean Sea SO JMBA2 Biodiversity Records PY 2007 BP 1 EP 4 VL 5843 ER PT Journal AU Beccaro, P Lazar, I TI Oxfordian and Callovian radiolarians from the Bucegi Massif and Piatra Craiului Mountains (Southern Carpathians, Romania) SO Geologica Carpathica PD 2007 PY 2007 AB This paper regards the description and the first dating of the radiolarian assemblages of the Jurassic siliceous successions in the Bucegi and Piatra Craiului Mrs (Southern Carpathians, Romania). The most representative Jurassic outcrops for this area have been sampled: La Polilie, Strunga, Strungulila, Ratei Valley and Sfanta Ana Olistolith (Bucegi Massif), and Simea, Umeri and Vladu ca (Piatra Craiului Mts). The investigated successions are formed by a great variety of sediments, most of them characterized by a large amount of siliciclastic admixture. The sampled layers are constituted by well stratified siliceous limestone or chert, and their thickness usually ranges between 0.5 and 1 m. The Sfama Ana sample comes from a Jurassic olistolith included in a Lower Cretaceous flysch. The Nassellaria/Spumellaria and sponge spicules/ radiolarians ratios provided information about the depositional environments. In well-preserved samples the N/S ratio varies from 1.7 to 2.8, and the spicules/radiolarians ratio is around 0.6: this means that the siliceous sediments were deposited in distal or relatively deep waters. The biostratigraphical analysis has been carried out by applying two radiolarian zonations based on the Unitary Associations method: most samples are referred to the middle-late Oxfordian. The only exception is represented by the Ratei sample that is assigned to the Callovian. The Romanian successions are easily comparable with other Tethyan sections where the Oxfordian levels are generally the richest in radiolarians. Even in environments with siliciclastic supply (Southern Carpathians) the sedimentation drastically changed during the Oxfordian and became siliceous. ER PT Journal AU Bernaola, G Baceta, JI Orue Etxebarria, X Alegret, L Martin Rubio, M Arostegui, J Dinares Turell, J TI Evidence of an abrupt environmental disruption during the mid-Paleocene biotic event (Zumaia section, western Pyrenees) SO Geological Society of America Bulletin PY 2007 BP 785 EP 795 VL 119 IS 7-8 ER PT Journal AU Berra, F TI Sedimentation in shallow to deep water carbonate environments across a sequence boundary; effects of a fall in sea-level on the evolution of carbonate system (Ladinian-Carnian, eastern Lombardy, Italy) SO Sedimentology PY 2007 BP 721 EP 735 VL 54 IS 4 AB In the Concarena-Pizzo Camino Massif (Lombardy Basin, Southern Alps, Italy) the lateral transition from Ladinian-Carnian carbonate platforms to coeval intraplatform basins is preserved. The succession records the sedimentological evidence of a sea-level fall on a flat-topped platform with a narrow marginal reef rim and its effects in the adjacent deeper-water basin. Repeated high-frequency exposures of the platform top are recorded by a peritidal-supratidal succession that overlies subtidal inner platform facies of the former highstand system tract (HST). On the slope and in the basin, the sea-level fall is recorded by a few metre thick succession of bioclastic packstones. These facies directly lie on coarse clinostratified breccia bodies (slope facies of the former HST) or on resedimented, well-bedded, dark laminated limestones (basinal facies of the HST). This facies distribution indicates that during the sea-level fall carbonate production on the platform top decreased rapidly and that sedimentation in the basin was mainly represented by condensed facies. Microfacies record an enrichment, during low stand, in pelagic biota (packstones with radiolarians and spiculae), whereas the occurrence of platform-derived, shallow-water materials is limited to thin lenses of reworked and micritized Fe-rich oolites and bioclasts (mainly pelecypods and echinoderms). The facies association in the Concarena-Pizzo Camino Massif demonstrates that a highly-productive carbonate factory was almost completely turned off during the emergence of the platform top at a sequence boundary, leading to low-stand starvation in the basin. The reconstruction of the stratigraphic evolution of the Concarena-Pizzo Camino carbonate platform therefore represents a significant case history for the study of the behaviour of ancient carbonate systems during a fall in sea-level, independent of its origin (eustatic or tectonic). ER PT Journal AU Bjorklund, KR Dumitrica, P Dolven, JK Swanberg, NR TI Joergensenium rotatile n. gen., n. sp (Entactinaria, Radiolaria): its distribution in west Norwegian fjords SO Micropaleontology (New York) PD 2007 PY 2007 AB A new radiolarian genus and species, Joergensenium rotatile, is described. This species is restricted to recent sediments and plankton samples from the North Atlantic. Its recent distribution in the Norwegian Sea and West Norwegian fjords shows a strong affinity to the neritic province and reaches almost 2% in Hryangerfjord. This species is only known from late Glacial and Holocene sediments in the Nordic seas. This genus shows, however, a patchy stratigraphic distribution with its first occurrence in the south-west Pacific within Palcocene, in the Middle to Late Miocene from the Norwegian Sea, and in the Labrador Sea at the base of biozone NN 21. Two fjords are compared for the general radiolarian distribution, but with special emphasis on the occurrence of J. rotatile in both sediment and plankton. ER PT Journal AU Boughdiri, M Cordey, F Sallouhi, H Maalaoui, K Masrouhi, A Soussi, M TI Jurassic radiolarian-bearing series of Tunisia: biostratigraphy and significance to western Tethys correlations SO Swiss Journal of Geosciences PY 2007 BP 431 EP 441 VL 100 IS 3 ER PT Journal AU Bragin, NY TI Late triassic radiolarians of southern Cyprus SO Paleontological Journal PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Radiolarians from the Upper Triassic of the allochthonous Mamonia Assemblage of southern Cyprus are considered. The Phasoula Formation, composed of basic volcanics, with lenses and interbeds of micritic limestones and cherts, contains (1) a Lower Norian assemblage with Capnodoce crystallina-Trialatus robustus, which also includes Capnodoce anapetes De Wever, Capnuchosphaera deweveri Kozur et Mostler, C. theloides De Wever, Deflandrecyrtium curvatum Kozur et Mostler, Icrioma cruciformis Tekin, Kahle-rosphaera norica Kozur et Mock, Kinyrosphaera helicata Bragin, Mostlericyrtium sitepesiformis Tekin, Palaeosaturnalis latiannulatus Kozur et Mostler, Spongostylus tortilis Kozur et Mostler, Xiphotheca rugosa Bragin, and Zhamojdasphaera proceruspinosa Lahm; (2) a Middle Norian assemblage with Capnodoce sarisa accompanied by Loffa mulleri Pessagno, Nabolella trispinosa Bragin, and Praexehasaturnalis tenuispinosus (Donofrio et Mostler); and (3) an Upper Norian assemblage with Livarella densiporata - Lysemelas olbia accompanied by Pentactinocarpus sevaticus Kozur et Mostler, Praemesosaturnalis multidentatus (Kozur et Mostler), and others. This assemblage also occurs in clastic turbidites of the Vlambouros Formation. In the sections of southern Cyprus, radiolarian zones are recognized that correspond to the zones previously established in the Far East of Russia, which include Capnodoce crystallina (Lower and Middle Norian) and Lysemelas olbia (lower part of the Upper Norian). Radiolarians belonging to three orders, 24 families, 59 genera, and 101 species are described; of them 2 genera, 9 species, and 1 subspecies were previously described by the author; 14 new species and 1 new subspecies are established. The diagnoses of many genera and species are emended, the stratigraphic and geographical ranges of the majority of taxa are substantially expanded. ER PT Journal AU Bragina, LG Vishnevskaya, VS TI New species of cretaceous radiolarians of the genus Multastrum Vishnevskaya and their paleobiogeographical distribution SO Paleontological Journal PD 2007 PY 2007 AB The study of the Upper Cretaceous beds of southern Cyprus (Tethyan Superrealm) revealed rich radiolarian assemblages, including six-eight-rayed stauraxonic morphotypes, which rarely occur in the Mesozoic. The diagnosis of the genus Multastrum Vishnevskaya, 1991 is emended and four new species, Multastrum cypricum sp. nov., M. mangaleniense sp. nov., M. robustum sp. nov., and M.? perapediense sp. nov., are described. The description of M. regale Vishnevskaya is emended. It is established that the genus Multastrum existed in the Coniacian-Campanian in both high and low latitude regions. ER PT Journal AU Braun, A Chen, J Waloszek, D Maas, A TI First Early Cambrian Radiolaria SO Geological Society Special Publication PY 2007 BP 143 EP 149 VL 286 ER PT Chapter AU Braun, A Chen, JY Waloszek, D Maas, A TI Siliceous microfossils and biosiliceous sedimentation in the lowermost Cambrian of China BT The rise and fall of the Ediacaran biota. PY 2007 AB Clay-rich and siliceous sedimentary rocks of earliest Cambrian age on the Yangtze Platform, China, contain abundant siliceous microfossils. The black cherts and black shales in this sequence, of earliest Cambrian age, contain sponge spicules (both macroscleres and microscleres), derived from lithistid demosponges and hexactinellids. These spicule associations are useful for biostratigraphic correlation, and indicate that Porifera played an important role in the geochemical cycling of silica at the beginning of the Phanerozoic. Phosphatic microfossils also contributed to the deep-sea ecology of this region during the earliest Cambrian. ER PT Journal AU Carter, ES TI New names for two Triassic radiolarian genera from the Queen Charlotte Islands; Ellisus replaces Harsa Carter 1991 non Marcus 1951; Serilla replaces Risella Carter 1993 non Gray 1840 (1847) SO Micropaleontology PY 2007 BP 104 VL 53 IS 1-2 ER PT Journal AU Carter, ES TI Global distribution of Rhaetian radiolarian faunas and their contribution to the definition of the Triassic-Jurassic boundary SO Bulletin of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science PY 2007 BP 27 EP 31 VL 41 ER PT Journal AU Carter, ES Orchard, MJ TI Radiolarian - conodont - ammonoid intercalibration around the Norian-Rhaetian boundary and implications for trans-Panthalassan correlation SO Albertiana PY 2007 BP 149 EP 173 VL 36 ER PT Journal AU Chiari, M Cobianchi, M Picotti, V TI Integrated stratigraphy (radiolarians and calcareous nannofossils) of the Middle to Upper Jurassic Alpine radiolarites (Lombardian Basin, Italy): Constraints to their genetic interpretation SO Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology PD 2007 PY 2007 AB New biostratigraphic data obtained by integrating radiolarians and calcareous nannofossils document a depositional history for the Middle to Upper Jurassic radiolarites of the Italian Southern Alps characterized by strong fluctuations in the sedimentation rates, associated to shifts from gravity-driven to hemipelagic sedimentary process. We studied the radiolarites in four sections, located in different settings of the Lombardian Basin, a rifted basin of the northern Adriatic plate. The sections studied were described and sampled in detail to obtain data on their lithology (using facies and microfacies analysis and calcimetry) and their nanno- and microfossils content (especially radiolarians, and calpionellids). An almost complete record of radiolarians was detected throughout the Selcifero Lombardo Formation, so that the radiolarian zonation (UAZs) for the Middle to Upper Jurassic interval, partially integrated with calcareous nannofossil and calpionellid biostratigraphic data, was successfully applied. Accordingly, the lower member (Radiolariti) correlates with the lower Bathonian (UAZ 5) to the Kimmeridgian (UAZ 11) interval, and the upper member (Rosso ad Aptici) displays an age spanning from the Kimmeridgian to the base of Upper Thitonian (from UAZs 10-11 to nannofossil NJK zone). We interpret the radiolarites as pelagic sediment relatively enriched in radiolarian during a long time span of basin starvation, due to the near absence of periplatform exportation. If we except Bathonian, a period of relatively higher sedimentation rates, the radiolarites are characterized by very low sedimentation rates, implying equally low radiolarian productivity. Therefore, it is not necessary to claim for high Tethyan water fertility during Middle to Late Jurassic, even if this latter condition likely played a role in the production/exportation of the carbonate platforms. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ER PT Chapter AU Cordey, F TI Circum-Pacific setting of radiolarian chert terranes BT Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 103rd annual meeting. PY 2007 AB Pioneering the use of radiolarians for terrane and collage analysis in the 70s, D.L. Jones greatly contributed to establish this microfossil group as a familiar component of the Cordilleran tool box. Since then, a wide number of Paleozoic-Mesozoic radiolarian localities have been complementing initial data from ammonites, corals, foraminifers, and conodonts. More specifically, radiolarian oceanic signature opened up a window for the study of Cordilleran sutures, and what they mean in terms of structural analysis and paleogeographic reconstructions. Due to slow sedimentation rates and tectonic underplating, surfaces of chert depocenters may however have been underestimated, as is revealed by the unsuspectedly long age ranges of Cordilleran radiolarites. An overview of Ordovician-Cretaceous Cordilleran chert terranes biochronology shows that radiolarian deposition commonly reach 100 to approximately 200 m.y. within units broadly arranged into a westward-younging pattern. Parallel data are now being established on the other side of the Pacific ocean, for instance in Siberia and East Asia where radiolarian studies have grown significantly over the last decade and complement initial North American and Japanese investigations. Still, the relatively weak provincial signature of pelagic fauna such as radiolarians hinders paleogeographic reconstructions. Evaluating longitudinal displacements has been based on benthic/nectobenthic faunal assemblages found in carbonate successions, but the notion of being 'Tethyan' has enthusiastically been used as an adaptable proxy for either low latitude, distant longitude, or both. Probabilistic models based on faunal biogeography (ex: Belaski and Runnegar 1994) were unfortunately not developed further, and we still lack quantitative, reliable constraints on terrane paleolongitudes. After 30 years of exploration, what do radiolarian-bearing oceanic terranes tell us about the geodynamic evolution of Panthalassa, not only from a North-American point of view but on a circum-Pacific perspective? ER PT Journal AU Cordey, F Bailly, A TI Alpine ocean seafloor spreading and onset of pelagic sedimentation: New radiolarian data from the Chenaillet-Montgenevre ophiolite (French-Italian Alps) SO Geodinamica Acta PY 2007 BP 131 VL 20 IS 3 ER PT Journal AU Cordey, F Carter, ES TI Atalantria, new name for Atalanta Cordey and Carter 1996 (Nasselaria, Radiolaria) SO Micropaleontology New York PY 2007 BP 430 VL 53 IS 5 ER PT Journal AU Danelian, T Baudin, F Gardin, S Masure, E Ricordel, C Fili, I Mecaj, T Muska, K TI L'enregistrement des evenements d'anoxie oceanique de la partie moyenne du Cretace dans la zone ionienne d'Albanie meridionale SO Revue de Micropaleontologie PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Along the Sopoti section of Mali Gjere mountain are found two distinct mid-Cretaceous marly-shaly-siliceous intervals that occur near the top of the Vigla Limestone Formation (Aptian-Albian) of the Ionian zone in southern Albania. The lower interval is relatively rich in carbonate content (36% CaCO3 on average) and radiolaria (10% on average). It contains black shale levels rich in organic matter (up to 8.5% total organic carbon (TOC)) of marine origin, which did not experience any strong thermal maturation as suggested by their very low T-max values. The age of the lower interval is latest Barremian to Early Aptian based on its calcareous nannofossil and-radiolarian assemblages. It is therefore regarded as the equivalent of the Fourcade Level of Greece, reflecting the Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE1a). The upper interval is richer in both carbonate content (60% CaCO3 on average) and radiolaria (20% on average) but it is practically devoid of any preserved organic matter. Its age straddles the Aptian-Albian boundar y based on integrated biochronologic data of dinoflagellates, calcareous nannofossils and radiolaria. It is tentatively considered as the sedimentary expression of OAElb (sensu Leckie et al., 2002) in the Ionian zone of Albania. The presence of large Assipetra nannoliths in both shaly-siliceous intervals and the relative abundance of radiolaria suggest that their accumulation took place during periods of higher productivity in the Ionian zone of Albania. (C) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. ER PT Journal AU Danelian, T Baudin, F Gardin, S Masure, E Ricordel, C Fili, I Mecaj, T Muska, K TI The record of mid Cretaceous oceanic anoxic events from the Ionian zone of southern Albania SO Revue de Micropaleontologie PY 2007 BP 225 EP 237 VL 50 IS 3 ER PT Journal AU Danelian, T Saint Martin, S Blanc Valleron, MM TI Middle Eocene radiolarian and diatom accumulation in the equatorial Atlantic (Demerara Rise, ODP Leg 207) - possible links with climatic and palaeoceanographic changes SO Comptes Rendus Palevol PY 2007 BP 103 EP 114 VL 6 IS 1-2 ER PT Journal AU De Wever, P O'Dogherty, L TI Xiphothecaella, a new name for the genus Xiphotheca De Wever, 1979, non Agassiz 1846 SO Journal of Paleontology PY 2007 BP 1146 VL 81 IS 5 ER PT Journal AU Des Combes, HJ Abelmann, A TI A 350-ky radiolarian record off Luderitz, Namibia - evidence for changes in the upwelling regime SO Marine Micropaleontology PY 2007 BP 194 EP 210 VL 62 IS 3 ER PT Journal AU Dolven, JK Lindqvist, C Albert, VA Bjorklund, KR Yuasa, T Takahashi, O Mayama, S TI Molecular diversity of alveolates associated with neritic North Atlantic radiolarians SO Protist PY 2007 BP 65 EP 76 VL 158 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU Dumitrica, P TI Ximolzas, new name for the Middle Triassic radiolarian genus Zamolxis Dumitrica, 1982 SO Revue de Micropaleontologie PD 2007 PY 2007 ER PT Journal AU El Kadiri, K TI Sella, a new name for the genus Linaresia el Kadiri, 1992 (Nassellaria, Radiolaria) preoccupied by copepod crustaceans (Lamippidae, Maxillopoda) SO Revista Espanola de Paleontologia PY 2007 BP 88 VL 22 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU Feng, Q Gu, S He, W Jin, Y TI Latest Permian Entactinaria (Radiolaria) from southern Guangxi, China SO Journal of Micropalaeontology PY 2007 BP 19 EP 37 VL 26 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU Feng, Q He, W Gu, S Meng, Y Jin, Y Zhang, F TI Radiolarian evolution during the latest Permian in south China SO Global and Planetary Change PY 2007 BP 177 EP 192 VL 55 IS 1-3 ER PT Journal AU Feng, Q Yang, Z Crasquin, S Zhao, L Li, X TI Permian and Triassic radiolarians from northern Tibet; correlation between radiolarian and conodont biozones SO Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France PY 2007 BP 485 EP 495 VL 178 IS 6 AB Thirty-five radiolarian species, belonging to two assemblages, one from the Changhsingian and the second one from the early Anisian, were recovered from siliceous rocks occurring in Xijirulan orogenic belt, northern Tibet. A new radiolarian species of them, Cryptostephanidium tibetensis, is described. The lower Anisian Eptingium nakasekoi assemblage co-occurs with conodonts belonging to Chiosella timorensis Zone. This fact allows correlation between radiolarian and conodont biozones. The lower Anisian radiolarian assemblage has a high diversity and supports that radiolarian radiation after the end-Permian mass extinction begins in the earliest Anisian. The research on the lithostratigraphic sequence and sedimentology shows that the old land of the Xijirulan orogenic belt, formed by the collision between the Qiangtang and Koh Xil terranes at the latest Early Permian, has disappeared in the early Changhsingian. During the Changhsingian and Triassic, the Xijirulan orogenic belt has become a deep marine basin and was combined with the Bayan Har Basin. This large deep sea basin extended until the end of the Triassic, locally possibly until the Jurassic. ER PT Journal AU Goencueoglu, M Capkinoglu, S Guersu, S Noble, P Turhan, N Tekin, U Okuyucu, C Goencueoglu, Y TI The Mississippian in the Central and Eastern Taurides (Turkey): constraints on the tectonic setting of the Tauride-Anatolide Platform SO Geologica Carpathica PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Data from the Mississippian tectono-stratigraphic units in the Tauride-Anatolide Platform, Central and Eastern Taurides, reveal that this region underwent incipient back-arc extension during the Variscan orogeny, but that rifting failed, leaving a basin floored with highly extended continental crust. The stratigraphy of several tectono-stratigraphic units, the Geyik Dagi, Aladag, and Bolkar Dagi Units were studied in detail in the Sultan Dagi and Hadim areas in the Central and Eastern Taurides. In the Sultan Dag area, the Geyik Dagi Unit contains shelf-type (shallow) marine clastics and carbonates of the Middle-Upper Mississippian Gokdere Member of the Harlak Formation, overlain by shales and basic volcanic/volcaniclastic rocks of the Kuz Member of the formation. The Mississippian age rocks in the Aladag Unit around Hadim are characterized by quartzarenites and carbonates of coastal to shallow shelf environment. The Bolkar Dagi Unit in the Hadim area includes inner shelf-type recrystallized limestones, dolomites and oolitic limestones. To the north of Konya, however, Middle Mississippian formations of the Bolkar Dagi Unit include metamorphosed olistostromal deposits with Silurian-Upper Devonian olistoliths, which were generated in an extensional basin with back-arc type bimodal volcanism. In the Cataloturan Nappe of the Bolkar Dagi Unit, in the Eastern Taurides, the Mississippian is represented by a basin/slope-toetype succession with an alternation of lithic tuffs, radiolarian cherts and pelagic limestones. It grades into Upper Mississippian shallow-marine carbonates. The data presented suggest the presence of a north-facing system with slope (Cataloturan) aborted rift basin (Konya-Bolkar Dagi) inner shelf (Hadim-Bolkar Dagi) coastal shelf (Hadim-Aladag) and shallow-shelf (Sultan Dagi-Geyik Dagi) along the northern margin of the Tauride-Anatolide Platform during the Mississippian. ER PT Journal AU Gu, S Feng, Q He, W TI The last permian deep-water fauna: Latest Changhsingian small foraminifers from southwestern Guangxi, South China SO Micropaleontology (New York) PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Free specimens of small foraminifers are not commonly reported from Permian strata. A foraminiferal fauna with free tests accompanied by abundant radiolarians has been discovered from uppermost Permian, upper Changhsingian strata in the Liuqiao Section, southwestern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, South China. SEM microphotography and thin sections of free specimens were both used for the study of external and internal morphological features. In most cases the wall structure is not preserved because of recrystallization, however, most species could be identified based on test morphology. Twenty species (six new) of fourteen genera (one new) have been identified. The new genus and new species are: Dalongella n. gen., Dalongella fusiformis n. gen. n. sp., Glomospirella? mamilla n. sp., Glomospirella? curva n. sp., Hemigordius? yini n. sp., Geinitzinita changhsingensis n. sp. and Pseudolangella costata n. sp. The composition of this fauna is quite different from similar age small foraminiferal faunas reported from South China. Furthermore, the presence of radiolarians and cool-water brachiopods probably implies that the fauna is from a deep-water environment. ER PT Journal AU H. , DCJ Abelmann, A TI A 350-ky radiolarian record off Lueeritz, Namibia; evidence for changes in the upwelling regime SO Marine Micropaleontology PY 2007 BP 194 EP 210 VL 62 IS 3 AB The study of radiolarian assemblages from Core MD 962086 provides new information on the variability in the upwelling intensity and origin of upwelled water masses over the past 350 ky in one of the major filamentous regions of the Benguela Upwelling System (BUS), located off Luderitz, Namibia. The use of key radiolarian species to trace the source of upwelled waters, and the use of a radiolarian-based upwelling index (URI) to reconstruct the upwelling intensity represent the first use of radiolarians for paleoceanographic reconstructions in the BUS. These radiolarian-based proxies indicate strongest upwelling during Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3, 5, and 8, which compares well with other studies. While during MIS 3 and 8, the radiolarian-based proxies indicate the influx of waters of Southern Ocean origin, they also point to the increased influence of tropical waters during the lower portion of MIS 5. During MIS 2, 4 and 6 the radiolarian assemblages indicate generally lower upwelling intensities, although this signal is complicated by the increased occurrence of organic carbon in the sediments during these intervals. During MIS 2 there appears to be less of an input of Southern Ocean waters to the BUS, although during the also glacial MIS 4 and 6, there is evidence for an increased influence of cold Antarctic waters. The comparison of the results from Core MD 962086 with other studies in the BUS area indicates a non-uniform pattern of upwelling intensity and advection of cold, southern waters into this system during MIS 2. Weaker upwelling signaled by the radiolarian-based proxy in MIS 4 is in contrast to other studies that indicate higher productivity during this time period. In general, the data show that there is a strong spatiotemporal complexity in upwelling intensity in the BUS and that the advection of water into it is not strongly tied to glacial-interglacial variations in climate. ER PT Journal AU Hatakeda, K Suzuki, N Matsuoka, A TI Quantitative morphological analyses and evolutionary history of the Middle Jurassic polycystine radiolarian genus Striatojaponocapsa Kozur SO Marine Micropaleontology PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Middle Jurassic polycystine radiolarian species belonging to the genus Striatojaponocapsa show major morphological changes in the basal structure of the test, overall shell size and shape, and the developmental state of irregular polygonal pore frames. Striatojaponocapsa species also vary widely in the number and arrangement pattern of longitudinal plicae. Striatojaponocapsa plicarum (Yao), with a large basal appendage, gave rise to S. synconexa O'Dogherty, Gorican, and Dumitrica, characterized by reduced basal appendage size and a circular depression. Specimens of the S. plicarum-synconexa species group (S. plicarum and S. synconexa) and S. conexa (Matsuoka), with fewer or highly irregular plicae, were relatively atypical and their morphology can be explained by intraspecific variation. The S. plicarum-synconexa species group gradually increased in overall shell size and had a very distinct lumbar stricture in particular horizons. Striatojaponocapsa conexa became more elongated over time; the stricture of this species became indistinct over time. The remaining species, S. riri O'Dogherty, Gorican, and Durmtrica, evolved from S. conexa and developed more than 42 irregular polygonal pore frames in the middle of the S. conexa zone. The stratigraphic distributions of Striatojaponocapsa reflect two evolutionary lineages: S. plicarum continuously and gradually changed into S. synconexa, then S. synconexa was rapidly replaced by S. conexa in a phyletic evolutionary, process. After S. conexa gave rise to S. riri, the former coexisted with small numbers of the latter, showing cladogenetic speciation. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ER PT Chapter AU He, W Shi, GR Feng, Q Campi, MJ Gu, S Bu, J Peng, Y Meng, Y TI Brachiopod miniaturization and its possible causes during the Permian-Triassic crisis in deep water environments, south China BT The Permian-Triassic boundary crisis and Early Triassic biotic recovery. PY 2007 AB Brachiopod miniaturization is both the reduction in size of individuals of a species over time, and where one brachiopod fauna dominated by larger individuals was replaced by a brachiopod fauna dominated by smaller individuals over time. This paper investigates this phenomenon prior to and during the end-Permian crisis in a deep water setting in South China, based on precise measurements of brachiopod body size and on the abundance and diversity of brachiopod species. The process of miniaturization near the Permian-Triassic boundary in deep water environments is characterized by: (1) Larger species, including Martinia sp., Costatumulus dongpanensis, and Anidanthus mucronata, reduced in average body size and abundance over time towards the end-Permian brachiopod extinction event. (2) Small species, including Attenuatella mengi and Spinomarginifera semicircridge, showed a mixed response with either no size change, or a reduction in average body size, while these species increased in abundance over time, indicating they were less sensitive to the stressed environmental setting. (3) Both the total abundance and the diversity of this brachiopod fauna decreased over time towards the end-Permian crisis. Regression, an increased input of terrestrial material and productivity decline are considered to all have contributed to brachiopod miniaturization, based on the biotic replacement and changes in sea-water chemistry. Among these factors, the fall in sea level is perhaps the primary factor, and led to a decline in productivity and an increased input of terrestrial material into the marine setting. ER PT Journal AU Henjes, J Assmy, P Klaas, C Smetacek, V TI Response of the larger protozooplankton to an iron-induced phytoplankton bloom in the Polar Frontal Zone of the Southern Ocean (EisenEx) SO Deep Sea Research Part I Oceanographic Research Papers PD 2007 PY 2007 AB The responses of larger (> 50 mu m in diameter) protozooplankton groups to a phytoplankton bloom induced by in situ iron fertilization (EisenEx) in the Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ) of the Southern Ocean in austral spring are presented. During the 21 days of the experiment, samples were collected from seven discrete depths in the upper 150 m inside and outside the fertilized patch for the enumeration of acantharia, foraminifera, radiolaria, heliozoa, tintirmid ciliates and aplastidic thecate dinoflagellates. Inside the patch, acantharian numbers increased twofold, but only negligibly in surrounding waters. This finding is of major interest, since acantharia are suggested to be involved in the formation of barite (BaSO4), a palaeoindicator of both ancient and modern high-productivity regimes. Foraminifera increased significantly in abundance inside and outside the fertilized patch. However, the marked increase of juveniles after a full-moon event suggests a lunar periodicity in the reproduction cycle of some foraminiferan species rather than a reproductive response to enhanced food availability. In contrast, adult radiolaria showed no clear trend during the experiment, but juveniles increased threefold, indicating elevated reproduction. Aplastidic thecate dinoflagellates almost doubled in numbers and biomass but also increased outside the patch. Tintirmid numbers decreased twofold, although biomass remained constant because of a shift in the size spectrum. Empty tintirmid loricae, however, increased by a factor of two, indicating that grazing pressure on this group mainly by copepods, intensified during EisenEx. The results show that iron-fertilization experiments can shed light on the biology and the role of these larger protists in pelagic ecosystem, which will improve their use as proxies in paleoceanography. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ER PT Journal AU Hori, R Fujiki, T Inoue, E Kimura, J TI Platinum group element anomalies and bioevents in the Triassic-Jurassic deep-sea sediments of Panthalassa SO Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology PD 2007 PY 2007 BP 391 EP 406 VL 244 IS 1-4 AB Micropalaeontological and geochemical analyses were performed on samples from a continuous sequence of bedded chert from the Kurusu (KU) section, Inuyama area, southwest Japan. The sequence contains the Triassic-Jurassic (T-J) boundary and is representative of deep-sea sediments from Panthalassa. The succession records a rapid, stepwise extinction pattern of radiolarian faunas, and the disappearance of conodonts at the T-J boundary. Comparison of micropalaeontological results and geochemical data reveals anomalously high abundances of platinum group elements (PGEs) in the latest Rhaetian, at the beginning of the radiolarian extinction at the T-J boundary. The PGE anomaly suggests that the radiolarian ooze of Panthalassa was contaminated by siderophile-rich materials during the late Rhaetian. The rare earth element (REE) pattern shows no distinct change across the T-J boundary, except for one significant positive Ce anomaly immediately below the PGE anomaly. These geochemical signatures imply the anomalous input of PGE-rich materials, but no obvious anoxic event in deep-sea sediments during latest Triassic time. The PGE anomaly at the end of the Triassic may be linked to the first phase of marine plankton extinction, but would not have been directly connected with the main radiolarian extinction at the T-J boundary. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ER PT Journal AU Ikehara, K Itaki, T TI Millennial-scale fluctuations in seasonal sea-ice and deep-water formation in the Japan Sea during the late Quaternary SO Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology PD 2007 PY 2007 AB The East Asian winter monsoon is characterized by cold, dry air blowing from the Siberian high to the surrounding lows. This cold wind cools the surface water along the Russian coast of the Japan Sea. Modem oceanographic observations indicate that sea-ice formation along this coast during an extremely cold winter is an important process for deep-water formation. Thus, formation of both seasonal sea ice and deep-water masses in the Japan Sea are closely related to the East Asian winter monsoon. Two sediment cores were analyzed to reconstruct the history of sea-ice expansion and deep-water formation. Seasonal sea-ice history was reconstructed from the occurrence of ice-rafted debris (IRD) in a core from the northeastern Japan Sea, whereas the deep-water ventilation history was estimated on the basis of records of a deep-dwelling radiolarian species, Cycladophora davisiana, in a core from the southwestern Japan Sea. In the records of sea-ice expansion and deep-water ventilation for the last 160 ky, clear fluctuations on a millennial timescale were observed during marine oxygen isotope stages 3-5. Some of the peaks in sea-ice formation and C davisiana abundance occurred contemporaneously, indicating strong surface cooling along the Russian coast by a strong winter monsoon. Decoupling of the two records might have occurred because of surface-water stratification caused by the freshening of surface water in relation to high precipitation in summer. Synchronicity of high IRD peaks with North Atlantic Heinrich events suggests that high-latitude climate changes related to the Bond cycle also occurred in the Asian monsoon region. On shorter timescales, IRD occurrence was not clearly related to Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles, which are revealed in the alternating dark and light layers in the late Quaternary Japan Sea sediments. Therefore, during the studied period, strong East Asian winter monsoons did not have a simple see-saw-like relationship with strong summer monsoons. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ER PT Journal AU Ishida, N TI Triassic-Jurassic unconformable boundary in the Kurosegawa Terrane, northern Itsuki area, western Kyushu SO Chishitsugaku Zasshi = Journal of the Geological Society of Japan PY 2007 BP 83 EP 94 VL 113 IS 3 AB In the northern Itsuki area, western Kyushu, the Lower Jurassic Hirasawatsudani Formation (newly defined) overlying the Upper Triassic Matsukuma Formation was discovered from clastic rocks of the Kurosegawa Terrane. The Matsukuma Formation in the northern Itsuki area, correlated with the Carnian Stage, includes parallel-laminated mudstone with fine sandstone beds and massive mudstone. Lower part of the Hirasawatsudani Formation is composed of thick-bedded coarse sandstone beds with intercalations of conglomerate and turbiditic sandstone beds. Upper part of the Hirasawatsudani Formation is composed of black mudstone with thin sandstone beds. Based on the radiolarian fossils, it is highly possible that the Hirasawatsudani Formation is correlated with the Hettangian Stage. The boundary of the Matsukuma Formation and the Hirasawatsudani Formation is considered to be unconformable, because a certain stratigraphic-gap ranging from the Norian Stage to the Rhaetian Stage is recognized. ER PT Journal AU Ishitani, Y Takahashi, K TI The vertical distribution of Radiolaria in the waters surrounding Japan SO Marine Micropaleontology PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Geographic and vertical distribution patterns of living Radiolaria are closely related to the characters of the water column. We studied living Radiolaria in samples collected at closely spaced depth intervals in the waters surrounding Japan in order to understand their vertical distribution and its controlling factors. Such information is needed to reconstruct past vertical water mass structure. The Japanese Islands are surrounded by the marginal Japan Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, and from approximately 46 degrees N to 26 degrees N. They thus extend across a large latitudinal range and are exposed to a similarly wide range of environmental conditions, inducing the warm Kuroshio, Tsushima, and Tsugaru Currents and the cold Oyashio Current. We performed plankton tows (mesh size 63 mm) from late May to early June 2002 at eight sites, sampling the upper 200 m of the water column, at seven depth intervals. We recognized five radiolarian assemblages: the Upper Surface Assemblage (0-40 m), the Lower Surface Assemblage (40-80 m), the Surface Assemblage (0-80 m), the Subsurface Assemblage (80-200 m), and the Lower Surface-Subsurface Assemblage (40-200 m) groups. Pseudodictyophimus gracilipes and Tetrapyle octacantha (juvenile) show '' tropical submergence '', i.e. they live at the surface in high latitudes and at greater depth in low latitudes. Four taxa live at specific temperature and salinity: Acrosphaera spinosa, Larcopyle butschlii, Challengeron diodon, and Stichocorys seriata. Four taxa are associated with characteristic temperatures: Neosemantis distephanus, Arachnocorys umbellifura, Antarctissa sp. 1, and Saccospyris conithorax. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All tights reserved. ER PT Journal AU Isozaki, Y Shimizu, N Yao, J Ji, Z Matsuda, T TI End-Permian extinction and volcanism-induced environmental stress: the Permian-Triassic boundary interval of lower-slope facies at Chaotian, South China SO Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology PY 2007 BP 218 EP 238 VL 252 IS 1-2 ER PT Journal AU Itaki, T TI Historical changes of deep-sea radiolarians in the Japan Sea during the last 640 kyrs SO Fossils (Tokyo) PD 2007 PY 2007 IS 82 AB The assemblage of the recent deep-dwelling radiolarians in the Japan Sea is characterized by the lack of primary deep-water species, which typically occur in the great depths of the world ocean, and by predominance of the secondary deep-water species Actinomma boreale group and Cycladophora davisiana, which usually live in the subsurface or intermediate depths in the high latitude oceans. Such peculiar assemblage was formed with the beginning of active deep-convection in the Japan Sea during the deglacial period. In contrast to this assemblage, during the last glacial maximum, a modem intermediate-water species, Ceratospyris borealis, dominated the radiolarian assemblages and probably had a habitat between low salinity surface water and anoxic deep water. The secondary deep-water species C davisiana significantly varied in abundance since 640 ka. During the MIS-5 to -3 characterized by millennial scale climatic changes known as the Dansgaad-Oeschegar Cycles, C. davisiana increased frequently at transition periods from interstadial to stadial conditions. Such high abundance of this species might be related to well oxygenated deep waters which were associated with active deep-convection and to a supply of higher organic matter, considering the correlation between the high abundances of the species and the dark laminated layers observed in the studied cores. ER PT Journal AU Itaki, T Bjorklund, KR TI Conjoined radiolarian skeletons (Actinommidae) from the Japan Sea sediments SO Micropaleontology PY 2007 BP 371 EP 389 VL 53 IS 5 ER PT Journal AU Itaki, T Khim, BK TI Radiolarians from the British North-Polar Expedition (1875-1876): re-examination of the H. B. Brady (1878) collection SO Journal of Natural History PY 2007 BP 2537 EP 2542 VL 41 IS 37-40 ER PT Journal AU Itaki, T Komatsu, N Motoyama, I TI Orbital- and millennial-scale changes of radiolarian assemblages during the last 220 kyrs in the Japan Sea SO Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Significant abundance changes of seven radiolarian species during the last 220 kyrs in the Japan Sea are reported herein based on three sediment cores. During the interglacial periods, warm water species (the Tetrapyle octacantha group) and warmer/high nutrient water species (Lithomelissa setosa) occurred commonly, which may indicate inflows of the Tsushima Warm Current. On the other hand, cold-water species such as Ceratospyris borealis and Stylochlamydium venustum dominated the assemblage during the glacial periods, when the Japan Sea was mostly isolated from the adjacent seas due to lower eustatic sea level. However, at glacial maxima, the habitat of S. venustum was strongly limited due to low salinity surface waters. The abundance of the deepwater species Cycladophora davisiana seems to have changed significantly, possibly related to the intrusion of oxygen and organic materials into deeper waters. Higher abundances of this species in MIS (marine isotope stage)-1, MIS-3 and MIS-5c resulted from well-ventilated deep water and high organic flux, while its low abundance during the glacial maxima and MIS-5e was probably caused by oxygen-poor deep-water. Millennial-scale variations of C. davisiana abundance show high abundance at the transition intervals from interstadial to stadial periods of the Dansgaard-Oeschger Cycles. The disappearance events of Lychnocanoma nipponica sakaii and Amphimelissa setosa were recognized at 54 ka and 85 ka, respectively. Both of these events in the Japan Sea can be correlated with those in the North Pacific, Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ER PT Journal AU Jackett, SJ Baumgartner, PO TI New imaging techniques applied to Paleogene Radiolaria SO Micropaleontology PY 2007 BP 239 EP 247 VL 53 IS 3 ER PT Journal AU Jannou, G TI Radiolarios del Paleogeno de la cuenca Austral, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Paleogene radiolarias from Austral Basin, Tierra del Fuego Island, Argentina [Paleogene radiolarians from Austral basin, Tierra del Fuego Island, Argentina] SO Ameghiniana PY 2007 BP 447 EP 466 VL 44 IS 2 ER PT Journal AU Jin, Y Feng, Q Meng, Y He, W Gu, S TI Albaillellidae (Radiolaria) from the latest Permian in Southern Guangxi, China SO Journal of Paleontology PD 2007 PY 2007 AB A delicate and well-preserved latest Permian radiolarian fauna was obtained from muddy siliceous rocks and siliceous mudstones in the Don-pan Section, southwest Guangxi, China. The specimens of family Albaillellidae in the fauna have been selected for taxonomic study in this paper. Two genera and 14 species belonging to this family are recognized and described, including three new species and one new subspecies, namely Neoalbaillella minuta, Albaillella flabellata, Albaillella fida, and Albaillella yaoi longa, respectively. This assemblage is correlated to the Neocilbaillella optinia Assemblage Zone. Its biostratigraphic significance and the final extinction of Albaillellidae at the end of Late Permian are observed and discussed herein. ER PT Journal AU Kamikuri, SI Motoyama, I TI Radiolarian assemblage and environmental changes in the Japan Sea since the Late Miocene SO Fossils PY 2007 BP 35 EP 42 VL 82 ER PT Journal AU Kamikuri, Si Nishi, H Motoyama, I TI Effects of late Neogene climatic cooling on north Pacific radiolarian assemblages and oceanographic conditions SO Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology PY 2007 BP 370 EP 392 VL 249 IS 3-4 ER PT Journal AU Kashiwagi, K TI The Inumodorikyo Complex of the southern Chichibu Belt in the eastern Kii Peninsula, southwest Japan; radiolarian ages and the Nomata Thrust SO Chishitsugaku Zasshi [Journal of the Geological Society of Japan] PY 2007 BP 233 EP 248 VL 113 IS 6 AB The Inumodorikyo Complex of the Southern Chichibu Belt in the eastern Kii Peninsula, Southwest Japan, consists of siliceous claystone, chert, dark green siliceous mudstone, and terrigenous clastic rocks, and is subdivided into the Nomata Belt on the north and Kuwanokidani Belt on the south by the north-dipping Nomata Thrust. Radiolarians recovered from the terrigenous clastic rocks show that the ages of the complex in the Nomata and Kuwanokidani Belts are, respectively, middle Bathonian to late Callovian (late Middle Jurassic) and late Callovian to Oxfordian (latest Middle to early Late Jurassic). The structural analysis of the crush zone and fault rocks suggest that the Nomata Thrust really has a dominant reverse-slip component. NNE- to NE-trending high-angle faults cut the ENE-trending structures of the Inumodorikyo Complex as well as the middle Late Cretaceous accretionary complexes on the south. Moreover the strata of lower structural horizon widely expose on the east of the Nishiyamagawa-Kasagigawa Fault, which is one of the high-angle faults. Hence the high-angle faults are east-side-up, dip-slip faults and were likely active during latest Cretaceous to Paleogene time. ER PT Journal AU Kashiwagi, K Yoshida, K Inagaki, Y Chikano, Y Suzuki, T Goto, J TI Subsurface geology of Kiri-ana Cave (limestone cave) and geological structure of the Aso Karst in the eastern Kii Peninsula, southwest Japan SO Fukui Kenritsu Kyouryuu Hakubutsukan kiyou [Memoir of the Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum] PY 2007 BP 35 EP 44 VL 6 AB This paper reports the result of the subsurface geological survey of Kiri-ana Cave (limestone cave) in the Aso Karst of the eastern Kii Peninsula, Southwest Japan, and verifies the geological structure in the Aso Karst inferred from our surface geological survey. In Kiri-ana Cave, a north-dipping, low-angle (10-30 degrees) fault bounds the massive limestone that holds the cave and underlying non-calcareous rocks. The fault contact is almost continuously observed on the cave wall along passages inclined to the north. The low-angle fault in the Cave is identical with the one inferred from our surface geological survey. Although the division of strata in the area was a subject to debate, this study demonstrates that the Aso Karst is underlain by the strata belonging to the Southern Chichibu Belt. The subsurface geological survey carried out in a cave is one of the most effective methods for verification of the inferred geological structures from a surface geological survey. ER PT Journal AU Kruglikova, SB Bjorklund, KR Zasko, DN TI Distribution of Polycystina (Euradiolaria) in the bottom sediments and plankton of the arctic ocean and arctic marginal seas SO Doklady Akademii Nauk PD 2007 PY 2007 ER PT Journal AU Kurihara, T TI Uppermost silurian to lower devonian radiolarians from the hitoegane area of the hida-gaien terrane, central Japan SO Micropaleontology PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Two distinctive uppermost Silurian to Lower Devonian radiolarian assemblages, the Pseudospongoprunum tauversi Assemblage and the Futobari solidus-Zadrappolus tenuis Assemblage, occur in new localities of felsic tuffaceous strata in the Hitoegane area of the Hida-gaien terrane of central Japan. The first is characterized by the presence of P. tauversi and diverse inaniguttids, which can be correlated with the well-constrained Pridolian radiolarian zonal fauna defined in west Texas. The second occurs stratigraphically above beds containing the P. tauversi Assemblage and in strata correlative to beds from which a probably Lower Devonian flora has been recovered. These occurrences indicate that the F. solidus-Zadrappolus tenuis Assemblage ranges from uppermost Silurian to Lower Devonian. Based on the stratigraphic context for the underlying Pridolian P. tauversi Assemblage, the probably Lower Devonian flora, and the reinterpretation of the previously dated zircon U/Pb age, the F. solidus-Z. tenuis Assemblage is the first confirmed radiolarian assemblage from the lowermost Devonian. Previous workers have suggested that entactimid radiolarians became increasingly dominant in the latest Silurian to Early Devonian, but the present study shows that inaniguttids such as Futobari and Zadrappolus were dominant in the early to probably middle Early Devonian. A new inaniguttid species is described: Zodrappolus nudus n. sp. ER PT Journal AU Kurihara, T Uchida, K Shimotani, T Matsuoka, A TI Radiolarian faunas and water properties in surface and subsurface waters of the Japan Sea in September 2005, off Tassha, Sado Island, central Japan SO Science Reports of Niigata University PY 2007 BP 43 EP 56 VL 22 AB The vertical distribution of radiolarian faunas on September 28, 2005 and the temperature, salinity, density, and fluorescence intensity profiles are documented from surface and subsurface waters (>100 m deep) in the Japan Sea, off Tassha, Sado City, Sado Island, Niigata Prefecture, central Japan. The features of the water mass structure shallower than 100 m deep are distinguished by gentle gradients of temperature and salinity in waters between 100 m and 20 m deep (the lower layer: LL) and a homogeneous temperature and salinity (24.0 degrees C, 32.9 psu) in waters shallower than 20 m (the upper layer: UL). The species composition of the deeper fauna (ca. 77-54 m) is characterized by the abundant occurrence of Acanthosphaera actinota, Pseudocubus sp. A, Lophospyris sp., and Acanthodesmia sp. It is also noteworthy that each species in the deeper water fauna does not exceed 20%. In the shallower fauna (ca. 35-0 m), Spongosphaera streptacantha, Pseudocubus obeliscus, and Pseudocubus sp. A comprise 87.5% of the fauna. Considering the characteristics of vertical water properties, high standing stocks of these three species are likely caused by their temperature preferences and adaptive strategies for a summer environment in the Japan Sea. There is a slight difference in species composition between September faunas of 2000 and 2005 which is probably related to the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC). It is known that the flow force of the TWC varies in 2 to 3- and 10-year cycles, so the TWC fluctuation may influence the annual variation of the fauna around Sado Island. ER PT Journal AU Kuwahara, K Yao, A Yao, J Feng, S Ji, Z Yao, H TI Middle Permian radiolarian biostratigraphy on the Gufeng Formation in the Songzi-Wufeng area, Hubei Province, China SO Journal of Geosciences Osaka City University PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Middle Permian radiolarian species were found from siliceous rocks of the Gufeng Formation in the Songzi-Wufeng area, Hubei Province, China. Pseudoalbaillella fusiformis, Pseudoalbaillella cf. globosa, Pseudoalbaillella lanceolata, and Pseudoalbaillella sp. A were commonly recovered. Sponge spicules and foraminifers were also found from the rock samples. The radiolarian-bearing strata of the Gufeng Formation can be correlated to the Pseudoalbaillella fusiformis-Pseudoalbaillella longtanensis Zone of Wang and Qi (1995) and the Pseudoalbaillella globosa Zone of Ishiga (1986), respectively. The Gufeng Formation of the study area is contemporaneous with the lower part of the Gufeng Formation of Anhui Province on the basis of the radiolarian biostratigraphy. ER PT Journal AU Kuwahara, K Yao, A Yao, J Wang, X TI Permian radiolarians from the Gufeng Formation of the Tongling area, Anhui Province, China SO Journal of Geosciences Osaka City University PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Middle Permian radiolarian species were found from siliceous rocks of the Gufeng Formation in the Tongling area, Anhui Province, China. Two radiolarian assemblages were distinguished for age-determination through the study sections. Some fossil radiolarian assemblages include rich albaillellarian species. Other fossil radiolarian assemblages include no albaillellarian species. Some fossils, as sponge spicules, foraminifers, ostracoda, conodonts, and fish teeth, were also recovered from the rock samples, and sponge spicules are the most abundant components in the fauna. The albaillellarian bearing strata were well correlated with the Pseudoalbaillella fusiformis-Pseudoalbaillella longtanensis Zone and the Follicucullus monacanthus Zone of Wang and Qi (1995). These radiolarian zones could be correlated with the Japanese radiolarian zones, the Pseudoalbaillella globosa Zone and the Follicucullus monacanthus Zone of Ishiga (1986). Fossil radiolarian assemblage was also recovered from siltstone of the Longtan Formation, although no albaillellarian species were found. The difference in radiolarian composition among the assemblages may indicate the change in upwelling current intensity and/or the change in input of siliceous materials to the basin. ER PT Journal AU Li, Y Wang, C Hu, X Bak, M Wang, J Chen, L TI Characteristics of Early Eocene radiolarian assemblages of the Saga area, southern Tibet and their constraint on the closure history of the Tethys SO Chinese Science Bulletin PY 2007 BP 2108 VL 52 IS 15 ER PT Journal AU Liow, LH Stenseth, NC TI The rise and fall of species: implications for macroevolutionary and macroecological studies SO Proceedings of the Royal Society Biological Sciences Series B PY 2007 BP 2745 EP 2752 VL 274 IS 1626 ER PT Journal AU Longridge, LM Carter, ES Smith, PL Tipper, HW TI Early Hettangian ammonites and radiolarians from the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia and their bearing on the definition of the Triassic-Jurassic boundary SO Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology PY 2007 BP 142 EP 169 VL 244 IS 1-4 ER PT Journal AU Lucas, SG Taylor, DG Guex, J Tanner, LH Krainer, K TI The proposed global stratotype section and point for the base of the Jurassic system in the New York Canyon area, Nevada, USA SO Bulletin of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science PY 2007 BP 139 EP 168 VL 40 ER PT Journal AU Luciani, V Giusberti, L Agnini, C Backman, J Fornaciari, E Rio, D TI The Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum as recorded by Tethyan planktonic Foraminifera in the Forada section (northern Italy) SO Marine Micropaleontology PY 2007 BP 189 EP 214 VL 64 IS 3-4 AB The Forada section in the Venetian Pre-Alps of northern Italy represents an expanded record of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) at a depositional paleodepth of about 1 km+ or -0.5 km. High-resolution planktonic foraminiferal analysis of this section, in a time interval of approximately 1.3 Myr across the Paleocene/Eocene boundary, reveals striking faunal changes that allow the identification of eight phases (a-h). The late Paleocene was represented by stable, warm and oligotrophic surface water conditions (phase a). Unstable environmental conditions start well before the onset of PETM (ca. 150 kyr, phase b) and involved a change towards eutrophy, as marked by the increase of Subbotina and the concomitant decrease of Morozovella. This step is also characterized by enhanced fragmentation and dissolution. The interval corresponding to the main body of the carbon isotope excursion (CIE) is characterized by a marked increase of Acarinina, though with some differences in the species composition and relative abundance, both in high-and low-latitudes, particularly in the Tethyan area. Forada is no exception to this pattern. However, at Forada, two prominent peaks in abundance of acarininids are recorded ca. 30 kyr prior to the onset of the CIE, thus suggesting an increase in temperature heralding the onset of the PETM (phase c). Interestingly, the lower peak in abundance of Acarinina just precedes the 1 per mil carbon isotope negative shift occurring below the onset of the main CIE. The basalmost Eocene, corresponding to the lower part of CIE curve, is represented by intense planktonic foraminiferal dissolution, implying an extraordinary rise of the CCD. This interval has an estimated duration of about 16 kyr (phase d). The dominance of acarininids in the lower part of the CIE (phase e, f; ca. 14 and 22.5 kyr) is interpreted as a consequence of the extreme warmth coupled with eutrophic conditions characterizing the Forada depositional environment at that time. These acarininids include at Forada also the temporally constrained Acarinina sibaiyaensis and A. africana. The morphological similarity between these peculiar species with the radially elongated chambered forms characterizing the Cretaceous anoxic events, suggests the hypothesis that depletion of oxygen in the upper water column might have been one of the factors causing their conspicuous occurrence at the PETM. The recovery in abundance of the specialized morozovellids and of other planktonic foraminiferal groups (e.g., biserials, globanomalinids, igorinids, planorotalids and pseudohastigerinids), occurring in the middle part of the CIE (ca. 30 kyr after the onset of the PETM), indicates an initial environmental recovery (phase g). A new stable state is definitely reached in the upper part of the Forada section where the relative proportions of the main component of planktonic foraminiferal assemblages move towards values similar to those of the late Paleocene conditions (phase h). However, the perturbation during the PETM produced significant changes in the ocean geochemistry that endured after the PETM event, as testified by the prominent high carbonate dissolution characterizing the marly levels, and the large variability in relative abundance among different components of the planktonic foraminiferal assemblages. These striking oscillations were not present in the latest Paleocene. ER PT Journal AU Maletz, J TI The Early Ordovician Beothuka terranova (Radiolaria) faunal assemblage in western Newfoundland SO Palaeontologische Zeitschrift PD 2007 PY 2007 AB The Beothuka terranova radiolarian assemblage from the Isograptus victoriae lunatus Biozone of western Newfoundland is described and compared with the slightly older assemblage from the Didymograptellus bifidus Biozone of Spitsbergen. Specimens of Beothuka terranova are described for the first time from material preserved in silica with little diagenetic changes. In the Spitsbergen specimens the skeleton is replaced by pyrite, destroying most of the original details and thickening distinctly fine bars and spines. The Newfoundland assemblage lacks specimens of Sphaeroentactinia, while possible specimens of Svalbardospiculum and Protoentactinia sp. are represented by juveniles. Nyfrieslandia specimens are common in the sample. Faunal differences may relate to preservational factors and, in part indicate biostratigraphic differences. Several new species are described, some in open nomenclature: Antygopora irregularia n. sp., Labyrinthia robusta n. sp. ER PT Journal AU Maletz, J Bruton, DL TI Lower Ordovician (Chewtonian to Castlemainian) radiolarians of Spitsbergen SO Journal of Systematic Palaeontology PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Diverse and well-preserved radiolarian faunas are found in a biostratigraphically precisely dated succession in the Lower Ordovician of Spitsbergen. The faunas are from the Didymograptellus bifidus and Isograptus victoriae lunatus graptolite Biozones. They document the transition from the Upper Cambrian to Lower Ordovician spicular dominated to spumellarian dominated Middle and Upper Ordovician faunas and yield important data for a more precise biostratigraphical use of Ordovician radiolarians. The faunas are dominated by early spumellarians of the Antygoporidae and Aspiculumidae, while the Protoentactiniidae and Palaeospiculumidae are rare elements surviving from the earlier Palaeozoic. Members of the Echidninidae have not been found. The precise definition of a number of important structural characters of early Palaeozoic radiolarians is discussed. The early spumellarians of the family Antygoporidae possess a distinct microsphere formed from a number of curved bars and provided on the outside with a variable number of outer spines, representing the oldest known type of microsphere. The development of the spherical skeletons of spumellarian and entactinarian radiolarians is developed in a number of different ways that are important for phylogenetic considerations. The following taxa are new: Svalbardospiculum gen. nov., Svalbardospiculum arenigium sp. nov., Protoentactinia bifurcata sp. nov., Sphaeroentactiniidae fam. nov., Sphaeroentactinia gen. nov., S. hexaspinosa sp. nov., S. bispinosa sp. nov., S. integrata sp. nov., Nyfrieslandia gen. nov., N. sphaeroidea sp. nov., N. complicata sp. nov., Parechidnina densa sp. nov., Antygoporidae fam. nov., Antygopora bella sp. nov., A. compacta sp. nov., A. microspina sp. nov., A. labyrinthina sp. nov., Labyrinthia gen. nov., Labyrinthia inexpectata sp. nov. ER PT Journal AU Matsuoka, A TI Living radiolarian feeding mechanisms: new light on past marine ecosystems SO Swiss Journal of Geoscience PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Environmentally controlled studies on living radiolarians, especially on their feeding mechanisms are rare. In the same way, feeding behaviours of fossil radiolarians are poorly known. In this work, techniques for living radiolarian research, including plankton sampling at sea, observations using different types of microscopes, and laboratory culture, are introduced. Light microscope, epifluorescence microscope, and confocal laser scanning microscope images of selected radiolarian species are presented. Four types of feeding behaviour which correspond well to skeletal morphology are recognized and discussed. Multi-segmented nassellarians, represented by Eucyrtidium, Pterocorys, and Spirocyrtis, take relatively large prey, including ciliates and flagellates. Some other nassellarians, e.g. Pseudocubus and Arachnocorallium, are advantageous in collecting tiny prey including microflagellates and bacteria. Solitary spumellarians, represented by Diplosphaera, Spongosphaera, and Spongaster, also gather tiny prey. Colonial radiolarians such as Collozoum and Buccinosphaera seem to live exclusively on symbiotic algae. The wide variation in feeding behaviour means that radiolarians occupy several kinds of ecological niches in marine environments. Assuming that the radiolarian skeletal morphology indicates their feeding strategy, living forms can give some light on the feeding mechanisms of similar Mesozoic forms. By contrast, the unique curved conical skeleton of the Paleozoic Albaillellaria, unknown after the end-Permian mass extinction, suggests a different feeding behaviour. ER PT Chapter AU Miller, ML Bundtzen, TK Blodgett, RB Pessagno, EAJ Tucker, RD Harris, AG TI The restricted Gemuk Group; a Triassic to Lower Cretaceous succession in Southwestern Alaska BT Tectonic growth of a collisional continental margin; crustal evolution of Southern Alaska. PY 2007 AB New data from an Upper Triassic to Lower Cretaceous deep marine succession-the herein reinstated and restricted Gemuk Group-provide a vital piece of the puzzle for unraveling southwestern Alaska's tectonic history. First defined by Cady et al. in 1955, the Gemuk Group soon became a regional catchall unit that ended up as part of at least four different terranes. In this paper we provide the first new data in nearly half a century from the Gemuk Group in the original type area in Taylor Mountains quadrangle and from contiguous rocks to the north in Sleetmute quadrangle. Discontinuous exposure, hints of complex structure, the reconnaissance level of our mapping, and spotty age constraints together permit definition of only a rough stratigraphy. The restricted Gemuk Group is at least 2250 m thick, and could easily be at least twice as thick. The age range of the restricted Gemuk Group is tightened on the basis of ten radiolarian ages, two new bivalve ages, one conodont age, two U-Pb zircon ages on tuff, and U-Pb ages of 110 detrital zircons from two sandstones. The Triassic part of the restricted Gemuk Group, which consists of intermediate pillow lavas interbedded with siltstone, chert, and rare limestone, produced radiolarians, bivalves, and conodonts of Carnian and Norian ages. The Jurassic part appears to be mostly siltstone and chert, and yielded radiolarians of Hettangian-Sinemurian, Pliensbachian-Toarcian, and Oxfordian ages. Two tuffs near the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary record nearby arc volcanism: one at 146 Ma is interbedded with red and green siltstone, and a second at ca. 137 Ma is interbedded with graywacke turbidites. Graywacke appears to be the dominant rock type in the Lower Cretaceous part of the restricted Gemuk Group. Detrital zircon analyses were performed on two sandstone samples using SHRIMP. One sandstone yielded a dominant age cluster of 133-180 Ma; the oldest grain is only 316 Ma. The second sample is dominated by zircons of 130-154 Ma; the oldest grain is 292 Ma. The youngest zircons are probably not much older than the sandstone itself. Point counts of restricted Gemuk Group sandstones yield average ratios of 24/29/47 for Q/F/L, 15/83/2 for Ls/Lv/Lm, and 41/48/11 for Qm/P/K. In the field, sandstones of the restricted Gemuk Group are not easily distinguished from sandstones of the overlying Upper Cretaceous turbidite-dominated Kuskokwim Group. Petrographically, however, the restricted Gemuk Group has modal K-feldspar, whereas the Kuskokwim Group generally does not (average Qm/P/K of 64/36/0). Some K-feldspar-bearing graywacke that was previously mapped as Kuskokwim Group (Cady et al., 1955) is here reassigned to the restricted Gemuk Group. Major- and trace-element geochemistry of shales from the restricted Gemuk Group and the Kuskokwim Group show distinct differences. The chemical index of alteration (CIA) is distinctly higher for shales of the Kuskokwim Group than for those of the restricted Gemuk Group, suggesting more intense weathering during deposition of the Kuskokwim Group. The restricted Gemuk Group represents an estimated 90-100 m.y. of deep-water sedimentation, first accompanied by submarine volcanism and later by nearby explosive arc activity. Two hypotheses are presented for the tectonic setting. One model that needs additional testing is that the restricted Gemuk Group consists of imbricated oceanic plate stratigraphy. Based on available information, our preferred model is that it was deposited in a back-arc, intra-arc, or forearc basin that was subsequently deformed. The terrane affinity of the restricted Gemuk Group is uncertain. The rocks of this area were formerly assigned to the Hagemeister subterrane of the Togiak terrane-a Late Triassic to Early Cretaceous arc-but our data show this to be a poor match. None of the other possibilities (e.g., Nukluk and Tikchik subterranes of the Goodnews terrane) is viable; hence, the terrane subdivision and distribution in south-western Alaska may need to be revisited. The geologic history revealed by our study of the restricted Gemuk Grou ER PT Journal AU Moix, P Kozur, HW Stampfli, GM Mostler, H TI New paleontological, biostratigraphic and paleogeographic results from the Triassic of the Mersin Melange, SE Turkey SO Bulletin of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science PY 2007 BP 282 EP 305 VL 41 ER PT Journal AU Moreira, D von der Heyden, S Bass, D Lopez Garcia, P Chao, E Cavalier Smith, T TI Global eukaryote phylogeny: Combined small- and large-subunit ribosomal DNA trees support monophyly of Rhizaria, Retaria and Excavata SO Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution PY 2007 BP 255 EP 266 VL 44 IS 1 ER PT Chapter AU Murchey, BL TI Reconstructing the ages of ocean basins along the ancient California and Nevada margin BT Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 103rd annual meeting. PY 2007 AB In reconstructions of the history of western North America, a major question remains inadequately answered: how old was the ocean crust of the eastern Pacific and its marginal basins during the major tectonic events of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic? Around the Pacific rim, the age of the ocean crust strongly influences the style of modern tectonic processes at plate boundaries. It probably did so in the past, as well. The large USGS radiolarian collection, whose development was shepherded by D.L. Jones, provides enough data for northern California and Nevada to begin to answer the question. For example, the ocean crust along the Middle and early Late Jurassic margin of California was probably very young. Murchey and Blake interpreted "anomalous" eastward-younging directions of Jurassic ocean crustal fragments in the Franciscan Complex as evidence for the Californian arrival of a spreading ridge during the Middle to Late Jurassic. It was temporally related to the formation of Middle Jurassic ophiolites and the transpressive Nevadan orogeny. In this model, the trailing edge of a Panthalassan plate was subducted, the subduction zoned stepped westward, and the leading edge of the Farallon plate began to be subducted. Prior to the Nevadan orogeny, continous sequences of Permian to Late Triassic radiolarites accumulated in basins west of the Eastern Klamath-Sierran island arcs. These strata, as well as Early Jurassic radiolarites and limestone-capped Permian seamounts, were preserved in Western Klamath Mountains terranes. The continuous sequences indicate that ocean basins at least 60 million years old lay along the Pacific side of the island arcs during the Late Triassic and (or) Early Jurassic. During the Permian, on the other hand, there is scant evidence at these latitudes for old ocean crustal material on the oceanward side of the arcs. In contrast, a great deal of evidence exists for a very old marginal basin, the Havallah-Schoonover Basin of Nevada, between the Permian volcanic island arcs and the North American margin. The basin, locally as old as latest Devonian and Early Mississippian and containing continuous depositional sequences spanning 80 to 100 million years, was closing by the Early Triassic, with vergence to the east. This event was the Sonoma orogeny. ER PT Journal AU Musavu Moussavou, B Danelian, T Baudin, F Coccioni, R Froehlich, F TI The radiolarian biotic response during OAE2. A high-resolution study across the Bonarelli level at Bottaccione (Gubbio, Italy) SO Revue de Micropaleontologie PY 2007 BP 253 EP 287 VL 50 IS 3 ER PT Journal AU Muttoni, G Kent, DV TI Widespread formation of cherts during the early Eocene climate optimum SO Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology PY 2007 BP 348 EP 362 VL 253 IS 3-4 AB Radiolarian cherts in the Tethyan realm of Jurassic age were recently interpreted as resulting from high biosiliceous productivity along upwelling zones in subequatorial paleolatitudes the locations of which were confirmed by revised paleomagnetic estimates. However, the widespread occurrence of cherts in the Eocene suggests that cherts may not always be reliable proxies of latitude and upwelling zones. In a new survey of the global spatio-temporal distribution of Cenozoic cherts in Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) and Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sediment cores, we found that cherts occur most frequently in the Paleocene and early Eocene, with a peak in occurrences at approximately 50 Ma that is coincident with the time of highest bottom water temperatures of the early Eocene climatic optimum (EECO) when the global ocean was presumably characterized by reduced upwelling efficiency and biosiliceous productivity. Cherts occur less commonly during the subsequent Eocene global cooling trend. Primary paleoclimatic factors rather than secondary diagenetic processes seem therefore to control chert formation. This timing of peak Eocene chert occurrence, which is supported by detailed stratigraphic correlations, contradicts currently accepted models that involve an initial loading of large amounts of dissolved silica from enhanced weathering and/or volcanism in a supposedly sluggish ocean of the EECO, followed during the subsequent middle Eocene global cooling by more vigorous oceanic circulation and consequent upwelling that made this silica reservoir available for enhanced biosilicification, with the formation of chert as a result of biosilica transformation during diagenesis. Instead, we suggest that basin-basin fractionation by deep-sea circulation could have raised the concentration of EECO dissolved silica especially in the North Atlantic, where an alternative mode of silica burial involving widespread direct precipitation and/or absorption of silica by clay minerals could have been operative in order to maintain balance between silica input and output during the upwelling-deficient conditions of the EECO. Cherts may therefore not always be proxies of biosiliceous productivity associated with latitudinally focused upwelling zones. ER PT Chapter AU Nestell, GP Nestell, MK Wardlaw, BR Bell, GL Yermolayev, JB TI Integrated biostratigraphy of conodonts, foraminifers and radiolarians from the uppermost Guadalupian (Middle Permian) in the Apache Mountains, West Texas BT Geological Society of America, South-Central Section, 41st annual meeting; Geological Society of America, North-Central Section, 41st annual meeting. PY 2007 AB A continuous section in the Apache Mountains of West Texas containing an uppermost Bell Canyon (Guadalupian) stratigraphic succession and overlain by the Castile Formation (Lopingian, Upper Permian) was recently described in Lambert et al. (2002). Additional study of this section has revealed that biostratigraphically equivalent strata to the upper part of the Lamar and Reef Trail members (as defined in the Guadalupe Mountains) are present. The upper part of the Lamar equivalent strata contains the late Middle Permian fusulinacean Paradoxiella pratti, and the Reef Trail equivalent contains Paraboultonia splendens. A thick debris flow between these two intervals contains the fusulinaceans Codonofusiella extensa, Yabeina texana, Reichelina lamarensis, and fragments of Polydiexodina. Small foraminifers are represented by the calcareous species Pseudohemigordius incredibilis throughout the succession, and the agglutinated Reophax and Ammobaculites-type forms in the lower part of the Reef Trail equivalent. Some of these species of fusulinaceans and small foraminifers are known in the Tansill Formation of Dark Canyon in the Guadalupe Mountains. The conodonts Jinogondolella postserrata and J. shannoni are present in the Lamar equivalent beds. In the Reef Trail equivalent the conodont succession is Jinogondolella altudaensis, J. crofti, transitional forms from J. altudaensis to Clarkina postbitteri hongshuiensis, and C. postbitteri hongshuiensis. The latter subspecies occurs at the top of the Reef Trail equivalent succession immediately below the basal part of the Castile Formation and is the marker for the terminal Guadalupian at the Lopingian GSSP in China. Radiolarians present at several levels in this succession include Follicucullus scholasticus and Pseudoalbaillella aff. P. fusiformis in the Lamar and Reef Trail equivalents, and Grandetortura aff. G. nipponica, Cauletella manica, Follicucullus charveti, F. orthogonus, and Albaillella yamakitai in the Reef Trail. The latter species has been proposed as a marker for the Guadalupian/Lopingian boundary based on radiolarians, but occurs below this boundary in the Apaches as based on conodonts that define the boundary. ER PT Chapter AU Nestell, MK Bell, GL Wardlaw, BR Nestell, GP Lambert, LL Maldonado, AL Noble, PJ TI Biostratigraphic significance of a new potential key reference section for the latest Guadalupian Reef Trail Member of the Bell Canyon Formation (Middle Permian), West Texas BT Geological Society of America, South-Central Section, 41st annual meeting; Geological Society of America, North-Central Section, 41st annual meeting. PY 2007 AB The Reef Trail Member (Bell Canyon Formation, Guadalupian) was established in 1999 for the "post-Lamar beds" of King (1948), the youngest unit of the Middle Permian succession in West Texas. The type section was designated in a slope setting close to the Capitan Reef near the entrance to McKittrick Canyon in Guadalupe Mountains National Park. Before its formal designation, the Reef Trail unit was recognized by many workers because of the distinctive nature of its stratigraphic succession that begins with a recessively weathering siliciclastic unit above a series of limestone beds forming the top of the Lamar Limestone Member. At the type locality, the lower part of the Reef Trail contains several debris flows bearing the fusulinacean Paraboultonia splendens and the succession ends in a series of thinly bedded silty limestone beds. The upper part of the Reef Trail Member and its contact with the Castile Formation is not exposed at the type locality, but was described from a pair of low hills nearly 2 miles from McKittrick Canyon on private land. A continuous section of the Lamar and Reef Trail members, overlain by the Castile Formation (Lopingian), has recently been discovered in the Patterson Hills west of the Guadalupe Mountains, but within the national park. Approximately 18 meters of Lamar and 42 meters of Reef Trail contain an upper Middle Permian fusulinacean succession with scarce Yabeina texana in the basal Lamar beds, abundant Reichelina lamarensis in the upper Lamar beds, and Paraboultonia splendens/Codonofusiella (Lantschichites) sp. in the Reef Trail beds. The conodont Jinogondolella postserrata is present in the Lamar beds, Jinogondolella altudaensis in the Reef Trail beds, and Jinogondolella crofti with transitional forms from J. altudaensis to Clarkina postbitteri hongshuiensis (the marker for the terminal Guadalupian at the Lopingian GSSP in China) just below the basal Castile. Small recrystallized ammonoids are present at the top of the Lamar beds and at several horizons through the Reef Trail: however, none have clearly defined sutures. Radiolarians are present in the succession with Follicucullus scholasticus in the Lamar and Reef Trail members and upper Reef Trail beds containing Albaillella yamakitai, Pseudoalbaillella fusiformis, Copiellintra sp., and stauraxon radiolarians. ER PT Journal AU Nicora, A Balini, M Bellanca, A Bertinelli, A Bowring, SA Di Stefano, P Dumitrica, P Guaiumi, C Gullo, M Hungerbuehler, A Levera, M Mazza, M McRoberts, CA Muttoni, G Preto, N Rigo, M TI The Carnian/Norian boundary interval at Pizzo Mondello (Sicani Mountains, Sicily) and its bearing for the definition of the GSSP of the Norian stage SO Albertiana PY 2007 BP 102 EP 129 VL 36 ER PT Journal AU Noble, PJ Lenz, AC TI Upper Wenlock Ceratoikiscidae (Radiolaria) from the Cape Phillips Formation, Arctic Canada SO Journal of Paleontology PY 2007 BP 1044 EP 1052 VL 81 IS 5 AB Taxa belonging to the Ceratoikiscidae are described in detail from two measured sections of Member C of the Cape Phillips Formation exposed along Rookery Creek, Cornwallis Island, Arctic Canada. The sections encompass uppermost Sheinwoodian (top lower Wenlock) to the base of the Gorstian (base Ludlow) and are dated by graptolites assigned to the Cyrtograptus perneri-Monograptus opimus Zone (upper Sheinwoodian), the Cyrtograptus lundgreni Zone (lower Homerian), and the Colonograptus praedeubeli-Colonograptus deubeli Zone (upper Homerian). Radiolarians are found in great abundance throughout the lower Homerian, allowing for the establishment of the first appearance of the genus Helenifore Ormiston and Nazarov. Helenifore is emended to accommodate the Silurian species H. quadrispina n. sp. and H. speciosus (Furutani 1990). One new genus, Kappaforma, including the new species, K. insecta, is described, as is the new species H. quadrispina. Ceratoikiscum octapleura Renz and C. armiger Furutani are synonymized with C. lenoides Renz, and H. planus Umeda is synonymized with H. speciosus. ER PT Journal AU Not, F Gausling, R Azam, F Heidelberg, JF Worden, AZ TI Vertical distribution of picoeukaryotic diversity in the Sargasso Sea SO Environmental Microbiology PY 2007 BP 1233 EP 1252 VL 9 IS 5 ER PT Journal AU Noumi, M Yokoyama, Y Miura, H Ohkouchi, N TI Melting history of the Antarctic ice sheet since the last glacial maximum based on the analysis of sediment cores around the Antarctic Peninsula, Southern Ocean SO Quaternary Research (Tokyo) PD 2007 PY 2007 AB We studied three sediment cores recovered from off the Antarctic Peninsula to reconstruct the melting history of the Antarctic Ice Sheer during the last 24 kyrs. Ice Rafted Debris (IRD) and terriginous material from the Antarctic Continent were investigated throughout the cores to obtain the timing and magnitude of the melting events. We employed as a proxy the relative abundances of K2O and Na2O to understand the origin of the sediments. Surface sediments K2O/Na2O ration correlated with the degree of the influence from three surface currents in the region, and hence the ration can constrain the source area of the sediments. Chronologies of these cores were constructed based on both radiocarbon dating of sedimentary organic carbon and the relative abundance of radiolarian Cycladophora davisiana. Analyzing IRD, K2O/Na2O ratio, C-11, and radiolarian in the cores showed temporal variations of IRD flux as well as the source regions of the sediment supply from the LGM to the present. IRD maxima were observed at 25-17 and 15-12ka that show considerable expansion of the ice sheet during the LGM and rapid melting of the ice sheet at the time of the global meltwater pulse la event. ER PT Journal AU O'Dogherty, L De Wever, P TI Sandovalella nomen novum for Phalangites O'Dogherty, 1994 (Protozoa, Radiolaria), non Muenster, 1836 (Arthropoda, Crustacea) SO Revue de Micropaleontologie PY 2007 BP 147 VL 50 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU O'Dogherty, L De Wever, P TI Pogonisella a new name for Pogonias O'Dogherty 1994 (Actinopoda, Radiolaria) preoccupied by Pogonias La Cepede, 1801 (Vertebrata, Actinopterygii), non Illiger, 1811 (Vertebrata, Aves) SO Journal of Paleontology PY 2007 VL 81 IS 6 ER PT Journal AU Ogane, K Suzuki, N TI A sectioning method using nail polish for observation of the internation structure of disk-shaped polycystine radiolarians SO Journal of Paleontology PY 2007 BP 216 EP 219 VL 81 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU Okay, AI Altiner, D TI A condensed Mesozoic succession north of Izmir; a fragment of the Anatolide-Tauride Platform in the Bornova flysch zone SO Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences PY 2007 BP 257 EP 279 VL 16 IS 3 AB The Bornova Flysch Zone consists of large blocks of Mesozoic limestone, basalt, serpentinite and radiolarian chert in a highly sheared clastic matrix of latest Cretaceous to Paleocene ace. We describe a condensed Mesozoic section from a limestone block near the village of Urbut, 27 km southwest of Bigadic, north of Izmir. The section, 81 m thick, starts with massive, thickly-bedded Upper Triassic carbonates with megalodonts and foraminifera characteristic of Late Norian-Rhaetian. These are unconformably overlain by condensed, hemipelagic Tithonian-Middle Albian limestones, 19 m thick, with gaps in the succession. The condensed sequence is, in turn, unconformably overlain by red, pink Rotalipora- and Globotruncana-bearing pelagic limestones of Late Cretaceous age. The Upper Cretaceous section is at least 50 m thick, the basal parts contain foraminifera characteristic of late Cenomanian which pass up into lower-middle Turonian carbonates. The Turonian pelagic limestones contain Valanginian and Upper Triassic limestone clasts, and Tithonian and Upper Triassic carbonate olistoliths, several metres across. The stratigraphy of the Urbut section is similar to that of the Domuzdag unit in the Lycian nappes and that of the Boyali Tepe unit in the central Taurides; all are characterized by neritic Upper Triassic carbonates at the base, overlain unconformably by a condensed pelagic limestone sequence of Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous age; pelagic Upper Cretaceous limestones lie unconformably above the Lower Cretaceous or directly on the Upper Triassic/Liassic carbonates. The Urbut section shows several foundering events in the Anatolide-Tauride carbonate platform; the latest one in the late Cenomanian is probably related to the inception of the ophiolite obduction. The Urbut section also provides additional data in favour of the derivation of the Lycian nappes and equivalent allochthonous units from north and northwest of the Menderes Massif. ER PT Journal AU Onoue, T Sano, H TI Triassic mid-oceanic sedimentation in Panthalassa Ocean: Sambosan accretionary complex, Japan SO Island Arc PY 2007 BP 173 EP 190 VL 16 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU Orchard, MJ Carter, ES Lucas, SG Taylor, DG TI Rhaetian (Upper Triassic) conodonts and radiolarians from New York Canyon, Nevada, USA SO Albertiana PY 2007 BP 59 EP 65 VL 35 ER PT Journal AU Orchard, MJ Whalen, PA Carter, ES Taylor, HJ TI Latest Triassic conodonts and radiolarian-bearing successions in Baja California Sur SO Bulletin of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science PY 2007 BP 355 EP 365 VL 41 ER PT Journal AU Palechek, TN Palandzhan, SA TI Jurassic radiolarians and age of Cherty Rocks in the Povorotnyi Cape, the Taigonos Peninsula (Northeast Russia) SO Stratigrafiya Geologicheskaya Korrelyatsiya PY 2007 BP 73 EP 94 VL 15 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU Palechek, TN Palandzhyan, SA TI Yurskiy radiolyarii i vozrast kremnistykh porod Mysa Povorotnogo, poluostrov Taygonos (severo-vostok Rossii) SO Stratigrafiya, Geologicheskaya Korrelyatsiya PY 2007 BP 73 EP 94 VL 15 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU Palfy, J Demeny, A Haas, J Carter, ES Gorog, A Halasz, D Oravecz-Scheffer, A Hetenyi, M Marton, E Orchard, MJ Ozsvart, P Veto, I Zajzon, N TI Triassic-Jurassic boundary events inferred from integrated stratigraphy of the Csovar section, Hungary SO Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Processes and causes of biotic and environmental change at the Triassic-Jurassic transition remain controversial, partly because of a scarcity of Triassic-Jurassic boundary sections studied in detail. Continuous marine strata spanning the boundary are exposed at Csovar, Hungary, where new integrated stratigraphic data were obtained from multidisciplinary investigations to help reconstruct the end-Triassic and Early Jurassic events. Boundary strata are predominantly slope to basinal carbonates deposited in a periplatform basin. The position of the system boundary is constrained by radiolarian, foraminiferan, conodont and ammonoid biostratigraphy. Pronounced radiolarian turnover is observed between assemblages assigned to the Late Rhaetian Globolaxtorum tozeri zone and the Early Hettangian Canoptum merum zone. Benthic foraminifera suffered lesser extinction. Successive conodont faunas of the latest Rhaetian Misikella posthersteini and Misikella ultima zones record a marked drop in diversity and abundance but sporadic survivors persist into the earliest Hettangian. The extinction is also recorded in a reduction of biogenic components in carbonates. Decline of benthic and planktic biota is followed by a negative delta(13) C-carb excursion of up to -6 parts per thousand that is composed of short-term fluctuations revealed by dense sampling. Carbon and oxygen isotope ratios are positively correlated in the lower part of the section and appear to reflect primary variations. Drivers of the stable isotope trends are interpreted as warming in excess of + 10 degrees C and concomitant episodic, short-term perturbations of the global carbon cycle, possibly due to methane release from gas-hydrate dissociation induced by rapid climatic events. The main biotic and isotopic events occurred within a single sedimentary cycle but sea-level does not appear to have exerted a critical influence on these changes. The Triassic-Jurassic boundary crisis appears a short but not instantaneous event. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. ER PT Journal AU Paterson, HL Pesant, S Clode, P Knott, B Waite, AM TI Systematics of rare radiolarian - Coelodiceras spinosum Haecker (Sarcodina: Actinopoda: Phaeodaria: Coelodendridae) SO Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography PY 2007 BP 1094 EP 1102 VL 54 IS 8-10 ER PT Chapter AU Ricketts, BD Evenchick, CA TI Evidence of different contractional styles along foredeep margins provided by Gilbert deltas; examples from Bowser Basin, British Columbia, Canada BT Thematic studies in Bowser and Sustut Basins; establishing a geoscience framework for future resource assessment and development. PY 2007 AB The northern margin of the early Middle Jurassic Bowser Basin in British Columbia contains large, solitary shelf-type Gilbert deltas and smaller, multistorey Gilbert deltas stacked against inferred active reverse faults. Analysis of the deltas provides evidence of tectonic structures that can no longer be directly observed. Bowser Basin developed as a foredeep in response to overthrusting of Stikinia by Cache Creek Terrane (oceanic crust) during accretion of Stikinia to the western margin of North America. The terrane boundary is currently represented by the King Salmon and associated thrust faults. The shelf-type Gilbert deltas consist of accretional conglomerate packages up to 100 m thick, that are overlain by and laterally associated with cyclothemic shelf facies. Gilbert deltas responded to low accommodation to sediment supply ratios by prograding to the shelf break of the basin, where they fed large volumes of gravel to slope gullies and the deep basin beyond. At one location, fault-block rotation resulted in oversteepening of foresets and internal discordances. Deposition was dominated by non-cohesive debris flows (50% to 60% of foresets) and intervening muddy debris flows. The coarse-grained sediments are texturally and compositionally mature, consisting predominantly of spherical radiolarian chert clasts derived from the overthrust Cache Creek accretionary prism. A spectacular succession at least 700 m thick near Cartmel Lake records the aggradational stacking of 30 small Gilbert deltas. Like the shelf-type Gilbert deltas, sediment gravity flows predominated. Creation of accommodation space for accumulation of the Gilbert delta stack was repeated many times; the locus of accommodation remained in much the same place over time. This implies a high degree of tectonic control over the geometry of the stacked Gilbert deltas. Accommodation to sediment supply ratios for this kind of Gilbert delta were high. Based on their thickness, geometry, and general association with shelf lithofacies, Bowser Basin shelf-type Gilbert deltas probably required relatively large drainage catchments, such as those associated with thrust ramps, fault transfer zones or blind thrusts. In one example, delta progradation direction was at a low angle (15-27 degrees) to the main structural trends and in this particular case we favour delta accumulation at a thrust fault transfer zone. In contrast, the stacked Gilbert deltas are inferred to be footwall deltas that accumulated close to an active, reverse fault where the stacking geometry indicates little or no basinward shift in the locus of deposition. Drainage basins were relatively small and were frequently rejuvenated. The Bowser Basin Gilbert deltas accumulated at the margin of a foreland thrust wedge, outboard of a major Early to Middle Jurassic, crustal-scale thrust system that carried oceanic Cache Creek terrane rocks in its hanging wall. Coarse-grained sediment, derived either from northwards erosional back-stepping of King Salmon Fault or from older Bowser Basin sediment, was cannibalized and redeposited in the Gilbert deltas and associated lithofacies. Either case provides a mechanism to account for the reworking necessary to produce the high clast sphericity and the monomict chert composition. ER PT Journal AU Rogers, J De Deckker, P TI Radiolaria as a reflection of environmental conditions in the eastern and southern sectors of the Indian Ocean: a new statistical approach SO Marine Micropaleontology PY 2007 BP 137 EP 162 VL 65 IS 3-4 ER PT Journal AU Saesaengseerung, D Sashida, K Sardsud, A TI Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous radiolarian fauna from the Pak Chom area, Loei Province, northeastern Thailand PY 2007 BP 109 EP 121 VL 11 IS 2 AB A Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous radiolarian fauna is present in chert and siliceous shale of a chert-clastic section along the Khoug River, Pak Chom area, at the Thai-Lao border of northeastern Thailand. The radiolarian fauna is composed of Stigmosphaerostylus variospina, Astroentactinia stellata, Astroentactinia multispinosus, Archocyrtium wonae, Archocyrtium riedeli, and other species and corresponds to the Famennian (Late Devonian) to Tournaisian (Early Carboniferous) radiolarian fauna reported from northwestern Europe, Australia, northern and southern Thailand, and southern China. Ten radiolarian species belonging to four genera including one unidentified genus are investigated. The radiolarian-bearing sequence was probably deposited in a pelagic or hemipelagic environment within the Paleotethys Ocean during Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous time. Furthermore, this chert-clastic section of Pak Chom area is thought to be deposited on the Nakhon Thai Block and subducted beneath the Indochina Block. This suggests that the age of subduction and accretion of the Naknon Thai Block is thought to have occurred at least after Early Carboniferous indicated by the occurrence of Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous radiolarians. ER PT Journal AU Saito, M Kawakami, S Ogasawara, M TI Establishment of stratigraphic framework of the Shimanto accretionary complex in Yakushima Island, Japan, based on newly found Eocene radiolarian fossils SO Chishitsugaku Zasshi = Journal of the Geological Society of Japan PY 2007 BP 2669 EP 2269 VL 113 IS 6 AB Red mudstone in the accretionary complex in Yakushima Island is dated as middle Middle to early Late Eocene by co-occurrences of Dictyoprora mongolfieri, Theocyrtis cf. perpumila, Calocycloma cf. ampulla. As most of the accretionary complex in Yakushima Island underwent contact metamorphism by Middle Miocene Yakushima Granite, no fossils were obtained from the accretionary complex. We extracted radiolarian fossils from the non-metamorphosed red mudstone and a hard mudstone nodule included in mudstone in the eastern part of the Yakushima Island. The radiolarian fossils from the red mudstone are poorly preserved but sufficient for age determination. Compared with the Hyuga Group of the Shimanto accretionary complex in southeastern Kyushu, which the original stratigraphy are known well, the red mudstone of Yakushima Island is just younger than the early Middle Eocene red mudstone with basalt. Although the turbidite of the Hyuga Group is middle Middle Eocene in southeastern Kyushu, the age of the whole Hyuga Group's terrigenous sediments is Eocene to Early Oligocene. This implies that there is some age difference between the red mudstones. As the lithology and structure of the accretionary complex in Yakushima Island is very similar to that in southeastern Kyushu, the accretionary complex in Yakushima Island is compared to the Hyuga Group. ER PT Journal AU Sano, Si Skelton, PW Takei, M Matsuoka, A TI Discovery of Late Jurassic rudist bivalves from the Torinosu-type limestone blocks in the Oriai Formation of the Imaidani Group in the Shirokawa area, Ehime Prefecture, southwest Japan SO Journal of the Geological Society of Japan PY 2007 BP 500 EP 503 VL 113 IS 9 ER PT Journal AU Sarkisova, EV TI New radiolarian species from the Upper Cretaceous-Lower Paleogene of the eastern slope of the northern Ural Mountains SO Paleontological Journal PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Five new radiolarian species, Dictyophimus? orbiculiporosus sp. nov., Spongomelissa imperceptusa sp. nov., Theocoronium puncticulatum sp. nov., Pterocyrtidium porrectum sp. nov., and Tripodiscinus corona sp. nov., from the Campanian-Danian diatomites of the Leplinskaya Formation of the northern Ural Mountains are described. They are useful for stratification and correlation of the Upper Cretaceous and Lower Paleogene beds of the Ural Region of Western Siberia. ER PT Journal AU Serrano, F Guerra Merchan, A El Kadiri, K Sanz de Galdeano, C Lopez Garrido, AC Martin Martin, M Hlila, R TI Tectono-sedimentary setting of the Oligocene-early Miocene deposits on the Betic-Rifian Internal Zone (Spain and Morocco) SO Geobios Villeurbanne PY 2007 BP 191 EP 205 VL 40 IS 2 ER PT Journal AU Sharma, BS Cyril, W TI Distribution and abundance of zooplankton in relation to petroleum hydrocarbon content along the coast of Kollam (Quilon), south west coast of India SO Journal of Environmental Biology PD 2007 PY 2007 AB In the present study, we examine status, impact and trends in prevailing situation of coastal ecosystem of Chavara, Neendakara, Tangasseri and Paravur zones of Kollam coast in terms of zooplankton density and petroleum hydrocarbon content (PHC). Zooplankton samples and watersamples were collected during the period May 2003 to June 2004. The numerical count of zooplankton made and PHC content estimated. Paravur offshore recorded the maximum zooplankton count (1390 no./m(3)) and Tangasseri nearshore the lowest (700.5 no/m(3)). The petroleum hydrocarbon content was highest at Tangasseri nearshore (21.95 mu g/l) and lowest at Paravur offshore (9.40 mu g/l). We also observe statistically significant negative correlation between zooplankton density and PHC for a few organisms. The overall impact appears minor, yet, coastal ocean monitoring imperative for sustainable development. ER PT Journal AU Sharma, GK Bora, J TI Pleistocene Radiolaria from the Kerguelen Plateau, Leg 119, sections 1H and 2H SO Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India PY 2007 BP 27 EP 38 VL 52 IS 1 AB Twenty core samples from the Leg 119 Site 745 (Sections 1H to 2H) on the Kerguelen-Heard Plateau in the Southern Ocean region yielded, thirty-eight well-preserved radiolarian taxa which were studied and illustrated. The systematics, biostratigraphy, distribution in the core and comparison with radiolarian occurrences from other regions are presented. Two radiolarian zones are established viz. Psi and Omega in the sections. Ten new species are described but not formally named. The primary purpose of this paper is to present a first detailed Antarctic Pleistocene radiolarian data and refined biozone boundaries for comparative studies with other parts of the Antarctic region. ER PT Journal AU Sharma, V Daneshian, J Bhagyapati Devi, L TI Miocene Radiolaria from Inglis Island, Andaman Sea SO Journal of the Geological Society of India PY 2007 BP 939 EP 949 VL 70 IS 6 ER PT Journal AU Sharma, V Devi, L TI New radiolarian zones in the early to middle Miocene of Andaman-Nicobar, northern Indian Ocean SO Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India PD 2007 PY 2007 AB The evolutionary appearance datum of radiolarian species Dorcadospyris alata from Dorcadospyris dentata is difficult to determine in the Early to Middle Miocene sequences of Andaman-Nicobar due to extremely poor occurrence of both these index taxa. As a result, the datum which is used to delineate the boundary between Calocycletta (C.) costata and Dorcadospyris, alata zones according to the existing low latitude zonal scheme cannot be applied satisfactorily. Hence, the last appearance datum of Carpocanopsis cingulata is employed to subdivide the interval represented by combined Calocycletta (C.) costata-Dorcadospyris alata zones. This led to the recognition of two new zones, the lower, Carpocanopsis cingulata Zone and the upper, Carpocanopsis cristata Zone. The zones can be useful in the tropical Indian Ocean as well. ER PT Journal AU Sharma, V Devi, LB TI Neogene oceanographic and climatic changes in the northern Indian Ocean: Evidence from Radiolaria SO Indian Journal of Marine Sciences PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Neogene is one of the important periods in the earth's history in view of significant changes that took place during the period in climatic and oceanographic conditions. Radiolarians from well preserved cores, uplifted marine sequences, and surface sediments from the northern Indian Ocean provided opportunity to reconstruct the Neogene oceanographic and climatic events. Studies based on radiolarians from land-based sections revealed episodes of cooling and warming in the late Early Miocene to Middle Miocene. Investigations of radiolarian upwelling fauna in the cores from the western Arabian sea demonstrated strengthening and weakening of upwelling during late Middle Miocene to Recent. Examination of radiolarians from surface sediments suggested presence of Antarctic Bottom water in the Mozambique and Madagascar basins of the western Indian Ocean. Certain radiolarian species are found useful in understanding paleomonsoonal changes and have been used to interpret such changes. ER PT Journal AU Shu, L Wang, B Zhu, W TI Age of radiolarian fossils from the Heiyingshan ophiolitic melange, Southern Tianshan belt, NW China, and its tectonic significance SO Dizhi Xuebao PY 2007 BP 1161 EP 1168 VL 81 IS 9 ER PT Journal AU Siveter, DJ Aitchison, JC Siveter, DJ Sutton, MD TI The Radiolaria of the Herefordshire Konservat-Lagerstatte (Silurian), England SO Journal of Micropalaeontology PY 2007 BP 87 EP 95 VL 26 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU Solov'ev, AV Palechek, TN Shapiro, MN Dzhonston, SA Garver, JI Ol'shanetskiy, DM TI Novye dannye o vozraste Barabskoy svity (Sredinnyy khrebet, Kamchatka) [New data on the Baraba Formation age (the Sredinnyi range of Kamchatka)] SO Stratigrafiya, Geologicheskaya Korrelyatsiya PY 2007 BP 118 EP 125 VL 15 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU Stelck, CR Trollope, FH Norris, AW Pemberton, SG TI McMurray Formation Foraminifera within the lower Albian (Lower Cretaceous) Loon River shales of northern Alberta SO Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences [Revue Canadienne des Sciences de la Terre] PY 2007 BP 1627 EP 1651 VL 44 IS 11 AB Early Cretaceous paleogeography and biostratigraphy of western Canada are reviewed in light of a reassessment of foraminiferal and microfloral data from unpublished university theses on the early Albian Loon River shales of the lower Peace River area of northern Alberta (Norris 1951; Trollope 1951). The Loon River Formation, once considered to be an obsolete term, comprises numerous "zones" of foraminifera, radiolarian, and algal cysts, in ascending order Rectobolivina sp., lower Radiolarian zone, lower Leiosphaeridia zone, Haplophragmoides yukonensis, upper Radiolarian zone, upper Leiosphaeridia zone, Trochammina mcmurrayensis, Valvulineria loetterlei, Haplophragmoides topagorukensis, Marginulinopsis collinsi, and Haplophragmoides gigas minor. The upper part of the Loon River Formation, from the upper Radiolarian zone onwards, correlates with the McMurray, Wabiskaw, and Clearwater formations of the Fort McMurray area of northeastern Alberta. Molluscan data from various localities in western Canada indicates that the entire Loon River succession occurred within the early Albian. The presence of Inoceramus dowlingi and Cleoniceras sp. with the Marginulinopsis collinsi microfauna permits correlation of the type Clearwater Formation and type McMurray Formation with the Moosebar Formation of northeastern British Columbia. An anomalous thick sequence of Leiosphaeridia (algal cysts) beds, bounded above and below by radiolarian-bearing strata, occurs in the mid part of the Loon River shales outcropping approximately 40 km along the lower Peace River. The Trochammina mcmurrayensis microfauna occurs 2-3 m below Inoceramus dowlingi and 30 m above Cleoniceras sp., and above the upper Leiosphaeridia zone. The radiolarian and Leiosphaeridia beds are considered to be the offshore neritic homotaxial equivalent of deltaic strata in the upper part of the McMurray Formation. The mid and lower Loon River shales are potential oil sources for the tar of the McMurray Formation, and this is supported by recent radiometric dating of the tar by Rhenium-Osmium isotopic analysis. ER PT Journal AU Suzuki, N Yamakita, S Takahashi, S Ehiro, M TI Middle Jurassic radiolarians from carbonate manganese nodules in the Otori Formation in the eastern part of the Kuzumaki-Kamaishi Subbelt, the north Kitakami Belt, northeast Japan SO Chishitsugaku Zasshi = Journal of the Geological Society of Japan PY 2007 BP 274 EP 277 VL 113 IS 6 AB A Bajocian to Early Bathonian (Middle Jurassic; Striatojaponocapsa plicarum Zone) radiolarian fauna was recovered from carbonate manganese nodules in siliceous mudstone of the Otori Formation in the North Kitakami Belt (Kuzumaki-Kamaishi Subbelt), Northeast Japan. The Otori Formation mainly consists of white to grey chert, and is marked by Permian red chert and Bajocian to lower Bathonian siliceous mudstone, although their original stratigraphic relationships have not been understood. This formation is tectono-stratigraphically correlatable to the Ryokamiyama Chert Unit of the Ohirayama Unit in the Southern Chichibu Belt in the Kanto Mountains. ER PT Journal AU Svabenicka, L Bubik, M Stranik, Z TI Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental changes on the transition from the Menilite to Krosno lithofacies (Western Carpathians, Czech Republic) SO Geologica Carpathica PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Study of microfossils and calcareous nannofossils confirmed the diachronous onset of the Krosno lithofacies. In the Fore-Magura Unit the Reficulofenestra ornata bloom correlated with NP24 Zone (lower Upper Oligocene) was recognized within this facies while in the Zdanice-Subsilesian Unit in the underlying Menilite lithofacies. Onset of the Krosno lithofacies in the external Pouzdrany Unit is attributed to the Lower Miocene, NN3 Zone. The Zagorz Limestone intercalations were found as an important biostratigraphic horizon for the lower part of the Krosno lithofacies in the Zdanice-Subsilesian Unit and is attributed to NP25 Zone. Microplankton blooms (Limacina sp., bivalve juveniles, clavate planktonic foraminifers Beella and Bolliella, radiolarians, prasinophyte cysts, planktonic diatoms) and calcareous nannoplankton blooms (Cyclicargolithus spp., R. ornata) or abundances of some taxa (Pontosphaera spp., Reticulofenestra minuta, Syracosphaera sp.) are characteristic of the upper Menilite and lower Krosno lithofacies and reflect rearrangement of Carpathian orogenic zone, isolation of foreland basins and development of "Protoparatethys". ER PT Journal AU Takahashi, K Hurd, DC TI Micro- and ultra-structures of phaeodarian Radiolaria SO Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Earth and Planetary Sciences PY 2007 BP 137 EP 158 VL 31 IS 4 AB SEM and TEM observations of up to x100,000 magnification were performed on the skeletons of phaeodarian Radiolaria mainly acquired by sediment traps. In addition for the sake of comparison, fresh plankton tow specimens were also observed as well as fossil phaeodarians from sediments. The presence of a variety of microstructures is apparent depending on taxa as well as different parts of the skeletons. However, fundamentally porous micro-structures and basic tubular ultra-structures appear to be common in most of the taxa examined. Progressive dissolution of their skeletons can be deciphered when live specimens from a plankton tow and partially dissolved sediment trap samples are compared. Comparative observations on ashed and non-ashed specimens did not show evidence of the presence of organic matter within the phaeodarian skeletal structure. ER PT Journal AU Takebe, M Kametaka, M Takayanagi, Y Mimura, K Sugitani, K Yamamoto, K TI Origin and deposition of organic matter in continental chert of the Middle Permian Gufeng Formation in the northeastern Yangtze Platform SO Sedimentary Geology PY 2007 BP 141 EP 148 VL 201 IS 1-2 AB The Middle Permian Gufeng Formation in the northeastern Yangtze platform, China, contains radiolarian chert that is characterized by black color, high content of Fe, Mo, Ni, Cu, and Zn. Based on the inorganic geochemical features, previous work concluded that the cherts were deposited under sulfate-reducing conditions. In this study, organic carbon (C (sub org)), N and S contents of the cherts and H/C and O/C ratios of kerogen were examined to explore the origin of the organic matter. The concentration of C (sub org) in the black chert is extremely high relative to other cherts in accretionary complexes and continental platforms. The average C/N ratio of organic matter is 35, indicating that the organic matter originates from land plants. The kerogen from the chert is classed as type IV based on the H/C and O/C ratios, suggesting that oxidized or reworked organic matter was supplied to the Gufeng basin. Therefore, the organic matter is considered to originate from terrestrial plants or reworked material from land. Due to the depositional setting on a continental platform, nutrient supplied with organic matter from land probably played an important role in abundant biogenic productivity and sedimentation of the radiolarian chert on the continental platform. ER PT Journal AU Tang, Zh Lu, Jp Li, Yk Zhang, N Huang, Wh Tang, Jh TI Discovery of Middle Triassic radiolarian fossils in cherts in the vicinity of the Tubei Lake, northern Nyima, Tibet, China SO Dizhi Tongbao PY 2007 BP 73 EP 76 VL 26 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU Tekin, UK Bedi, Y TI Ruesticyrtiidae (Radiolaria) from the middle Carnian (Late Triassic) of Koseyahya Nappe (Elbistan, eastern Turkey) SO Geologica Carpathica (Bratislava) PY 2007 BP 153 EP 167 VL 58 IS 2 AB Ruesticyrtiidae (Radiolaria) are reported from the Koseyahya stratigraphic section in the Koseyahya Nappe exposed near Elbistan town, western part of Eastern Taurides. The lowermost part of this section is composed of alternating sandstone and marl; overlying beds are represented by alternating clayey/cherty limestone, marl and mudstone. Radiolaria from clayey/cherty limestone beds are very well-preserved, diverse and abundant. The overlying strata in the section consist of ammonoid-bearing nodular limestones with tuff interlayers and subsequently "hallstatt limestones" with abundant ammonoids. A medium- to thick-bedded, clastic and chert free limestone sequence is situated at the top of the section. A middle Carnian age is assigned to strata from the basal part of the Koseyahya stratigraphic section based on characteristic radiolarian fauna and index form, Tetraporobrachia haeckeli. On the basis of abundant and diverse specimens from the family Ruesticyrtiidae, a new genus, Elbistanium n. gen. and three new species are described: Elbistanium gracilum n. gen., n. sp., E. productum n. gen., n. sp., E. productum n. gen., n. sp. and Xiphotheca munda n. sp. Furthermore, emendation of Xiphotheca karpenissionensis De Wever is proposed. ER PT Journal AU Tekin, UK Bedi, Y TI Middle Carnian (Late Triassic) Nassellaria (Radiolaria) of Koseyahya Nappe from eastern Taurides, eastern Turkey SO Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia PY 2007 BP 167 EP 190 VL 113 IS 2 AB Abundant, very diverse, and well-preserved Nassellarian fauna has been obtained from cherty/clayey limestone levels at the basal part of the "Koseyahya nappe east of the town of Elbistan", Eastern Taurides. A comparison with the radiolarian faunas of Austria, Japan and Turkey allows us to assign a middle Carnian age to this radiolarian fauna from the Elbistan region. This fauna contains Nassellaria that are typical for this time interval. Moreover, it contains tetraporobrachia haeckeli Kozur & Mostler which is an index fossil that gives the name to the zone established by Kozur & Mostler. As a result of the taxonomic study of the Nassellarian fauna, thirty-nine taxa among which nine new species (Goestlingella tueysuezi, Haeckelicyrtium planum, Hinedorcus koeseyahyaensis, Katroma? ornata, K.? proba, K.? tunoglui, Syringocapsa firma, S. nuda, Sanfilippoella carterae) and twelve taxa remained in open nomenclature are described and figured in this study. ER PT Journal AU Tekin, U Bedi, Y TI Ruesticyrtiidae (Radiolaria) from the middle Carnian (Late Triassic) of Koseyahya Nappe (Elbistan, eastern Turkey) SO Geologica Carpathica PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Ruesticyrtiidae (Radiolaria) are reported from the Koseyahya stratigraphic section in the Koseyahya Nappe exposed near Elbistan town, western part of Eastern Taurides. The lowermost part of this section is composed of alternating sandstone and marl; overlying beds are represented by alternating clayey/cherty limestone, mar] and mudstone. Radiolaria from clayey/cherty limestone beds are very well-preserved, diverse and abundant. The overlying strata in the section consist of ammonoid-bearing nodular limestones with tuff interlayers and subsequently "Hallstatt limestones" with abundant ammonoids. A medium- to thick-bedded, elastic and chert free limestone sequence is situated at the top of the section. A middle Carman age is assigned to strata from the basal part of the Koseyahya stratigraphic section based on characteristic radiolarian fauna and index form, Tetraporobrachia haeckeli. On the basis of abundant and diverse specimens from the family Ruesticyrtiidae, a new genus, Elbistanium n. gen. and three new species are described: Elbistanium gracilum n. gen., n. sp., E. productum n. gen., n. sp. and Xiphotheca munda n. sp. Furthermore, emendation of Xiphotheca karpenissionensis De Wever is proposed. ER PT Journal AU Tokiwa, T Mori, Y Suzuki, H Niwa, K TI Late Campanian radiolarians obtained from the Ryujin Formation in the Hidakagawa Group, northern Shimanto Belt, Kii Peninsula, Japan SO Chishitsugaku Zasshi = Journal of the Geological Society of Japan PY 2007 BP 270 EP 273 VL 113 IS 6 AB The Ryujin Formation, occupying a wide area in the Cretaceous Hidakagawa Group of Shimanto Belt in the Kii Peninsula, Southwest Japan, has been considered to be an accretionary complex of late Campanian in age. Radiolarian fossils of the age evidence have been found from only the western part of the Hidakagawa Group. In this article, we report radiolarian fossils of the Amphipyndax tylotus interval zone newly found from the central part of the Hidakagawa Group. Therefore the geologic age of the Ryujin Formation was firmly established to be a late Campanian. ER PT Journal AU Toklu-Alicli, B Balkis, N TI Ege Denizi'nden Clathrocorys teuscheri Haeckel [Protozoa: Radiolaria: Polycystina]' nin Ilk Kayidi SO Journal of the Black Sea Mediterranean Environment PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Clathrocorys teuscheri is one of the Polycystine radiolarins. It is reported for the first time in the north-eastern Aegean Sea by this study. As this species was previously reported from the sapropel as microfossils in the eastern Mediterranean, it is also first record for Mediterranean recent plankton. The specimen was collected in November 2000 from subsurface (0.5 m) coastal waters with a depth of 30 in, near Bozcaada Island in the Aegean Sea. Primary hydrographic conditions such as salinity (36.0 psu), temperature (16.7 degrees C) and dissolved oxygen (9.49 mg l(-1)) were recorded at the sampling station. ER PT Journal AU Tuysuz, O Tekin, UK TI Timing of imbrication of an active continental margin facing the northern branch of Neotethys, Kargi Massif, northern Turkey SO Cretaceous Research PY 2007 BP 754 EP 764 VL 28 IS 5 AB The Kirazbasi Complex, in the Kargi Massif in the Pontides, is a mixture of ophiolitic and deep-marine sedimentary rocks and blocks of different origins. In the northern part of the massif, where these rocks are imbricated with pre-Cretaceous metamorphic units, it displays an ordered stratigraphy and has a siliciclastic-dominant nature. This part was deposited in piggy-back and thrust-top basins during the Turonian to Campanian. In the southern part, the Kirazbasi Complex is dominantly represented by deep-marine sediments, such as distal turbidites and cherts, and ophiolitic and epi-ophiolitic rocks, representing foredeep sediments and accretionary wedges. Two sections measured from foredeep deposits of the Kirazbasi Complex in this area yielded rich radiolarian faunas, both from the matrix and from the blocks. Based on these radiolarian faunas, Late Valanginian to Early Barremian and Middle Albian to latest Cenomanian ages are assigned to those deposits forming the matrix of the Kirazbasi Complex. Rich radiolarian faunas from an alternating chert-mudstone block within this matrix reveals a latest Bajocian to Early Callovian age. According to our results, the Neotethys Ocean reached an oceanic stage before the Late Bajocian, and was consumed by northward subduction during the Valanginian to Campanian. ER PT Journal AU Urquhart, E Gardin, S Leckie, RM Wood, SA Pross, J Georgescu, MD Ladner, B Takata, H TI A paleontological synthesis of ODP Leg 210, Newfoundland Basin SO Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program Scientific Results PY 2007 BP 1 EP 53 VL 210 IS 13 ER PT Journal AU Vishnevskaya, VS TI New radiolarian species of the family Pseudoaulophacidae Riedel from the Upper Cretaceous of the Volga region SO Paleontological Journal PD 2007 PY 2007 AB New radiolarians from the Upper Cretaceous (Coniacian-Santonian) siliceous beds outcropping northwest of Saratov, at the villages of Mezino-Lapshinovka and Vishnevoe are described. Three new species, Alievium olferievi sp. nov., A. rozanovi sp. nov., and Pseudoaulophacus alekseevi sp., are established. They are distinguished by the pseudoaulophacoid star-shaped structure of the shell wall. The terminology and taxonomic characteristics used in the description of new taxa are discussed. Radiolarian species are of great importance for stratification and correlation of Cretaceous deposits. ER PT Journal AU Vishnevskaya, VS Basov, IA TI New data on biotic events at the Santonian-Campanian boundary (with microplankton from the Pacific margin of Russia as an example) SO Doklady Akademii Nauk PY 2007 BP 364 EP 368 VL 417 IS 3 ER PT Journal AU Volokhin, YG Ivanov, VV TI Geochemistry and metal potential of Triassic carbonaceous silicites in Sikhote Alin SO Lithology and Mineral Resources PY 2007 BP 363 EP 383 VL 42 IS 4 AB In the Triassic siliceous formation of Sikhote Alin, carbonaceous silicites occur in the late Olenekian-middle Anisian member (4-20 m) of alternating cherts and clayey cherts ("phtanite member") near the section base. The silicites are represented by radiolarian and spicule-radiolarian cherts alternating with clayey cherts. They contain up to 8.5% C (sub org). In the majority of sections, the rocks underwent structural and mineral transformation at the mesocatagenetic stage. The slightly oxidized organic (primarily, marine sapropelic) matter contains quinones, methyl, methylene, and ether groups. The content of neutral bitumens in rocks shows a wide variation range. The carbon isotopic composition in phtanites and clayey phtanites (delta (super 13) C from -27.3 to -30.2 per mil) is identical to that in many Paleozoic-Mesozoic bitumens and oils. As compared with other Mesozoic sedimentary rocks of Sikhote Alin, the carbonaceous silicites are enriched in V, B, Mo, Ni, Cu, and Ag. Anomalously high concentrations of Ba are recorded in phtanite rock sections at the Gornaya and Khor rivers and in the vicinity of Khabarovsk. Modal value of the Au content in phtanites and clayey phtanites is three or four times higher than the clarke value in carbonaceous silicites and reaches anomalous values in some sections (e.g., Ogorodnaya River section). Carbonaceous silicites of this section are also enriched in Pt. Positive Au-C (sub org) correlation is recorded in clayey phtanites of the Ogorodnaya River section containing more than 0.5% C (sub org). In organic fractions, Au and Ag are concentrated in alcohol and alcohol-benzene bitumens, asphalt acids, and asphaltenes. Migration of bitumens from high-carbonaceous clayey phtanites to the pore-fissure space of cherts and phtanites also fostered the concentration of these metals in some low-carbonaceous layers of the member. ER PT Journal AU Walochnik, J Aspoeck, H TI Amoben: Paradebeispiele fuer Probleme der Phylogenetik, Klassifikation und Nomenklatur. Amoebae: show-horses for problems of phylogeny, classification, and nomenclature SO Denisia PY 2007 BP 323 EP 350 VL 20 ER PT Journal AU Wang, Yj TI Paleozoic radiolarian cherty strata of southwestern China - a potential target in oil and gas exploration SO Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica PY 2007 BP 243 EP 246 VL 24 IS 3 ER PT Journal AU Weber, M Pisias, N TI Data report: radiolarian biostratigraphy, ODP leg 202, site 1237 SO Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program Scientific Results PY 2007 BP 1 EP 29 VL 202 ER PT Journal AU Weber, R Watkins, DK TI Evidence from the Crow Creek Member (Pierre Shale) for an impact-induced resuspension event in the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway SO Geology (Boulder) PY 2007 BP 1119 EP 1122 VL 35 IS 12 ER PT Journal AU Weidlich, O Bernecker, M TI Differential severity of Permian-Triassic environmental changes on Tethyan shallow-water carbonate platforms SO Global and Planetary Change PY 2007 BP 209 EP 235 VL 55 IS 1-3 ER PT Journal AU Wonganan, N Randon, C Caridroit, M TI Mississippian (early Carboniferous) radiolarian biostratigraphy of northern Thailand (Chiang Dao area) SO Geobios (Paris) PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Well-preserved Carboniferous radiolarian faunas were obtained from ribbon-bedded siliceous sediments (radiolarites) north of Chiang Dao city, Chiang Mai province, northern Thailand. These sediments are rich in identifiable radiolarian faunas, including more than 44 species and subspecies belonging to 15 genera. Among them, Albaillellaria and Latentifistularia are dominant, but few Entactinaria are present. Five Early Carboniferous radiolarian assemblage zones are recognised and compared to those of Germany, France and North America. They are, in ascending order: the Albaillella paradoxa gr. assemblage; the Albaillella indensis gr. assemblage: the Albaillella cartalla-Albaillella furcata furcata assemblage which includes the Palaeolithocyclia rota subassemblage; and the A.furcata rockensis-Latentifistula impella gr. assemblage. The age assignment of each assemblage is well-controlled by co-occurring conodonts, which are abundant during this time interval in the area. The Thai radiolarian assemblage zones are rather similar to those of Germany and North America, indicating that the albaillellarian form has a global distribution and can be readily used as a world key indicative fauna. These results also provide all additional data set indicating that distal oceanic deposits are present in northern Thailand from the Devonian to the Late Triassic, which provides evidence for a long-lived oceanic realm between the Indochina and Shan-Thai continental terranes (nearly 200 My). (c) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. ER PT Journal AU Wu, Gx Wang, Rj Hao, Hj Shao, L TI Microfossil evidence for development of marine Mesozoic in the north of South China Sea SO Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology Beijing PY 2007 BP 79 EP 85 VL 27 IS 1 ER PT Journal AU Yamaguchi, T Kamiya, T TI Shallow-marine ostracode faunas around the Eocene/Oligocene boundary in the northwestern Kyushu, southwestern Japan SO Lethaia PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Middle Eocene-early Oligocene ostracode faunal changes in northwestern Kyushu of southwestern Japan are identified in this study. Ostracodes occur from shelf deposits of five formations: the middle Eocene Okinoshima, the upper Eocene Funazu, the uppermost Eocene-lowermost Oligocene Kishima, the lowermost Oligocene Itanoura, and the lower Oligocene Waita Formations. The middle Eocene-earliest Oligocene ostracodes were characterized by warm-water genera, indicating tropical, subtropical and Tethyan genera, whereas the late early Oligocene ostracodes do not include warm-water taxa, consisting of temperate realm genera. The middle Eocene-earliest Oligocene ostracodes do not include remarkable changes of species composition, in contract with equatorial Pacific radiolarians and West Coast USA molluscs. Ostracodes suggest that distinct climatic cooling did not occur in the southwestern Japan during the middle Eocene-earliest Oligocene. ER PT Journal AU Yang, Pr Gu, Sz Zhu, Zm Lin, Wj Feng, Ql TI Pebbles in radiolarian cherts from the Lower Jurassic in the Kamusite area at the northeastern margin of the Junggar basin, Xinjiang, China and the radiolarian fauna therein SO Dizhi Tongbao PY 2007 BP 472 EP 475 VL 26 IS 4 ER PT Journal AU Yao, A Kuwahara, K Yao, J Ji, Z Li, J TI Permian radiolarians from the so-called Gufeng Formation of the Laibin-Liuzhou area, Guangxi, China SO Journal of Geosciences Osaka City University PY 2007 BP 67 EP 81 VL 50 ER PT Journal AU Yin, H Feng, Q Baud, A Xie, S Benton, MJ Lai, X Bottjer, DJ TI The prelude of the end-Permian mass extinction predates a postulated bolide impact SO Geologische Rundschau = International Journal of Earth Sciences (1999) PY 2007 BP 903 EP 909 VL 96 IS 5 ER PT Journal AU Zhang, Ll Chen, Mh Xiang, R Lu, J Zhang, Ll TI Distribution of biogenic silica in surface sediments from southern South China Sea and its environmental significance SO Journal Of Tropical Oceanography PD 2007 PY 2007 AB Contents of blogenic silica were determined for 25 surface sediment samples obtained from the southern South China Sea (SCS) to study its distribution and its modern oceanic environmental significance, which may provide further scientific evidence for paleoceanographical explanation. This study shows that biogenic silica contents in the surface sediments have evidently positive correlation with water depth, and the correlation coefficient is up to 0.782. Blogenic silica content is very low in the continental shelf shallows and can not reflect the siliceous micropaleontological productivity of the surface water, which may be related to sedimentary type and dilution of terrigenous matter. The distribution of blogenic silica contents in the surface sediments from deep water areas can not only reflect the siliceous micropaleontological productivity of the surface water, but also indicate the strength of upwellings, further confirming that using the contents of blogenic silica in sediments to trace upwellings and their changes is effective and reliable. The results also show that radiolarian and poriferous specula have more contribution to blogenic opal in comparison with diatom in the surface sediments of the northern studied area, probably owing to the diatom easily dissolving away and being eaten by other organisms with little effort. In the upwelling areas, radiolarian, diatom and poriferous specula basically have high abundance, consistent with the high content of blogenic silica. ER